1759

Having finished my work at Bristol, I rode to Salisbury, and advised our brethren concerning the preaching-house which they are about to build. On Friday, 12, I went on to Whitchurch, and preached at one to a large and serious congregation. In the afternoon we rode to Basingstoke, where the people put me in mind of the wild beasts at Ephesus. Yet they were unusually attentive in the evening, although many of them could not hear. Saturday, 13. After preach into, to a small serious company, I went on to London.

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I began reading, with huge expectation, a Tract, wrote by a son in law of the great Bengelius, Mr. Oetinger, De Sensu Communi et Ratione. 24 But how was I disappointed! So obscure a writer I scarce ever saw before: I think he goes beyond Persius himself. When I had with huge labor read fifty or sixty pages, finding the sense did by no means make amends for the time and pains bestowed in searching it out, I took my leave of him for ever.

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I spent an hour with one who, by the loss of his sight, his fortune, and his liberty, (for he has been a prisoner some time,) is likely to gain more than all the world can give.

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I took much pains to convince Mr. S——n that he was not the wisest man in the world; but I could not change the Ethiopian’s skin: Yet even this is not too hard for God.

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I felt suddenly as if a needle had been run into the side of my face. I supposed it would be well by the morning, but found it abundantly worse, the tonsil being come down, (as they term it,) and the side of my face much swelled. It grew worse all day, so that it was with great difficulty I preached at Snowsfields in the evening; but on Sunday, 11, it went away as unaccountably as it came. In the afternoon I called on E. H., in St. George’s Hospital. Many there had been greatly prejudiced against me; but it was now vanished away Her behavior had reconciled them quite; and all in the ward (sixty or seventy persons) seemed hardly to breathe all the time I was speaking and praying by her bedside.

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I preached at Deptford and Welling, and in the morning rode to Wandsworth. I preached, Wednesday and Thursday evening, in the town; in the mornings at Mr. Gilbert’s. Will this barren tree bear fruit at last? How long has God had patience with it!

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Being the Public Fast, I preached at five in Wandswrorth; at nine and three in the church at Spitalfields; and at half hour past eight in the Foundery. Every place of public worship was crowded on this, as on the two preceding fast days. And, it is plain, even outward humiliation has been a means of outward blessings.

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I saw a surprising spectacle: One who by a blow first lost her nose, then one eye, and then the other, with most of the roof of her mouth; and yet, instead of murmuring, acknowledges the love of God in all, and praises him continually.

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I walked with my brother and Mr. Maxfield to L—— H—— ’s. After breakfast, came in Mr. Whitefield, Madan, Romaine, Jones, Downing, and Venn, with some persons of quality, and a few others. Mr. Whitefield, I found, was to have administered the sacrament; but he insisted upon my doing it: After which, at the request of L—— H——, I preached on

1 Corinthians 13. O what are the greatest men, to the great God! As the small dust of the balance.

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I reached Everton about four in the afternoon; but Mr. Berridge did not expect me till the next day; so he thought it best I should preach in his house. The next evening the church was well filled; and my mouth was filled with arguments, which I trust God applied for the conviction of some, and the consolation of others.

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We had a mild, delightful day, and a pleasant ride to Colchester. In the evening, and on Sunday morning, the House contained the congregation tolerably well; but in the afternoon I was obliged to go out; and I suppose we had on St. John’s Green five or six times as many as the Room would contain. Such is the advantage of field preaching.

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On examining the society I found, that out of the hundred and twenty six members I had left in October, we had lost only twelve; in the place of whom we have gained forty: And many of these, whom we left in sorrow and heaviness, are now rejoicing in God their Savior.

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I rode to Norwich. Wednesday, 7. I inquired into the state of affairs at the Tabernacle, and found the society, once consisting of many hundred members, was moldered into nothing. Of the fifteen or sixteen hundred subscribers, not twenty, not one, was left; but every one that pleased went into the galleries without any questions asked. So that everything was to be wrought out of the ore, or rather out of the cinders. Surely whatever help is done here, God must do it himself. In the evening I desired that those who were willing to join in a society would speak with me the next evening. About twenty did so; but the greater part of these appeared like frighted sheep: And no marvel, when they had been so long accustomed to hear all manner of evil of me.

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I preached morning and evening at the Foundery. How pleasing would it be to flesh and blood, to remain in this little quiet place, where we have at length weathered the storm! Nay, I am not to consult my own ease, but the advancing the kingdom of God.

On Saturday and Sunday about forty more gave in their names. On Sunday, in the afternoon, I met the society, after ordering the doors to be shut, which they had not been for two years before. Thirty or forty more spoke to me on Monday. I think two thirds of those I have yet seen have had a clear sense of God’s pardoning love. Doth he not “send by whom he will send?”

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I administered the Lord’s Supper to near two hundred communicants: So solemn a season I never remember to have known in the city of Norwich. As a considerable part of them were Dissenters, I desired every one to use what posture he judged best. Had I required them to kneel, probably half would have sat. Now all but one kneeled down. Finding it was needful to see them once more at Colchester, I took horse between four and five in the morning. The frost was extremely sharp for some hours; it was then a fair, mild day. About two in the afternoon it began to rain; but we reached Colchester before we were wet through. The Room was more than filled in the evening, so that many were obliged to go away. Wednesday, 21, I baptized seven adults, two of them by immersion; and in the evening (their own Ministers having cast them out for going to hear the Methodists) I administered the Lord’s Supper to them, and many others, whom their several Teachers had repelled for the same reason.

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Before we set out, the rough north wind fell, and we had a calm, sunshiny day. I preached in the Tabernacle at Norwich in the evening.

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I rode to Forncet, twelve miles from Norwich, w here also was a building of James Wheatley’s, which, without my desire, he had included in the lease. We found William Cudworth had preached there in the morning. It was exceeding good for my sense of honor to come just after him. The people looked as direful upon me, as if it had been Satan in person. However, they flocked from all parts, so that the Tabernacle would not near contain them. I preached about two: God bare witness to his truth, and many were cut to the heart. After preaching I found Mr. Cudworth sitting in the pulpit behind me, whom I quietly and silently passed by. About six I preached at the Tabernacle in Norwich, crowded with attentive hearers. Perhaps these too will be brought into order by and by: Hitherto there has been no King in Israel.

Monday and Tuesday I spoke to as many of both societies, now united together, as had leisure and inclination to come. The whole number is about four hundred and twenty; of whom I do not think it improbable two hundred may continue together.

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I had an interview with Mr. Cudworth. I observed upon the whole,

l. That his opinions are all his own, quite new; and his phrases as new as his opinions:

2. That all these opinions, yea, and phrases too, he affirms to be necessary to salvation; maintaining that all who do not receive them, worship another God: And,

3. That he is as incapable as a brute beast of being convinced even in the smallest point.

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I rode over to Forncet attain, and preached to a large congregation. Great part of them were now exceedingly softened: But some were still bitter as wormwood. In the evening we had another kind of congregation at the Foundery, by whom I was much comforted: But much more in meeting the bands, when all our hearts were melted down by the power of God.

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I divided the Norwich society into classes, without any distinction between them who had belonged to the Foundery or the Tabernacle.

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I met them all at six, requiring every one to show his ticket when he came in: A thing they had never heard of before. I likewise insisted on another strange regulation, That the men and women should sit apart. A third was made the same day. It had been a custom ever since the Tabernacle was built, to have the galleries full of spectators, while the Lord’s Supper was administered. This I judged highly improper; and therefore ordered none to be admitted, but those who desired to communicate. And I found far less difficulty than I expected, in bringing them to submit to this also.

The society now contained above five hundred and seventy members; an hundred and three of whom were in no society before, although many of them had found peace with God. I believe they would have increased to a thousand, if I could have stayed a fortnight longer. Which of these will hold fast their profession? The fowls of the air will devour some; the sun will scorch more; and others will be choked by the thorns springing up. I wonder we should ever expect that half of those who “hear the word with joy” will bring forth fruit unto perfection.

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I left Norwich, and about seven o’clock came to Cross Keys Wash. They would fain have persuaded us we could not pass: But finding we were resolved to try, our guide put forward, and brought us over in half an hour; so that about eight we reached Sutton, and found a quiet, civil house, with everything we wanted.

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We came to Fossdyke Wash, just time enough to pass. At three in the afternoon I preached at Boston. A rude multitude quickly ran together, to a paddock adjoining to the town. A more unawakened congregation I have not seen for some years. However, the far greater part were attentive; nor did any interrupt, or offer the least rudeness. At seven I met the little society in the House; but they were the least part of the company. People crowded in from all sides; and I believe God touched most of their hearts.

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At six, finding the House would not contain one fourth of the congregation, I was constrained to stand in the street. Abundance of people assembled together, whom I exhorted to “repent and believe the Gospel.” The word of God fell heavy upon them, and, I trust, broke some of the stony hearts.

Hence we rode over the Fens, fifteen miles broad, and near thirty miles long, to Coningsby, where we found a numerous congregation, of a far different spirit. Scarce one of these but had tasted, more or less, “of the powers of the world to come.” After a comfortable opportunity here, we rode on to Horncastle. We were but roughly saluted at our entrance; and the mob increased more and more till six. I then began to preach in a yard near the market-place, to a large concourse of people. But their behavior quite disappointed us; for there was no tumult, no noise, but an earnest attention through the whole congregation.

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I preached again at seven to nearly the same congregation, and was again refreshed by the remarkable decency and seriousness of their behavior. At four in the afternoon I preached at Mareham on the hill, two miles from Horncastle. The number of people constrained me to preach without, and the rain, to shorten my sermon; though none went away. Indeed I believe none were present who had not known some work of grace in their hearts.

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We rode over the Wolds (a chain of hills) to North Elkington, three miles from Louth. The congregation was large, notwithstanding the rain, which drove full in our face till we came to Grimsby.

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The House was pretty well filled at eight. At two I was obliged to go into the old church yard; where was such a concourse of people as had hardly ever, they said, been seen at Grimsby before. As many as the Room would well contain were present at the watch-night; and at seven in the morning. I then commended them to the grace of God.

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I preached in the evening at Laseby; the next afternoon at Ferry; (after riding through much water and continued rain;) and in the evening in the new House at Epworth.

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Having appointed to preach at Awkborough at one, I set out between seven and eight. I was in hopes of coming thither before church began; but I did not consider the Lincolnshire roads. With some difficulty we reached it before noon, and found there was no Service at the church. I preached in the church yard at one to a listening multitude; most of whom, I suppose, had never heard this kind of preaching before. Many of them were in tears, and pressed after me into the house where we met the society. I could not but hope that some of these will press into the kingdom of heaven.

Returning thence, I called on Mr. Romley, of Burton, one of my former parishioners, a lively, sensible man of eighty three years old, by whom I was much comforted. An hour or two after we took boat; but could not cross over. The violence of the stream, swollen by the late rains, bore us down in spite of all we could do. Having striven against it a considerable time, we were obliged to cast anchor. After waiting some time, we got near the shore, and were towed up to the place of landing. A toilsome day was followed by a comfortable night. At half hour after eight the House at Epworth was well filled; and most of the congregation stayed till the whole Service was concluded.

It was on this day that, after the battle of Bergen, in Germany, “among the many wounded who were brought into Frankfort on the Maine, there was the Right Honorable George Charles Dykern, Baron, Lieutenant General of the Saxon troops, in the service of the King of France. He was born of an ancient and noble family in Silesia, on April 10, 1710, so that it was just on his birthday he received his wound. He was of equal abilities as a Minister in the closet, and a General in the field. In his younger years he had gone through a regular course of study in the University, and made great proficiency in Philosophy, especially in Mathematics. Afterwards he studied polemic divinity, till he reasoned himself into an infidel. During his illness he showed not the least desire of pious company or serious discourse, till the Surgeon let his valet de chambre know that he could not live long. The man then asked his master, whether he did not choose to be visited by a Clergyman. He answered with warmth, ‘I shall not trouble those gentlemen: I know well myself what to believe and do.’ His man, not discouraged, continued thus, ‘My Lord, have you ever found me wanting in my duty all the time I have been in your service?’ He answered, ‘No.’ ‘Then,’ replied he, ‘I will not be wanting now. The Surgeons count you past hopes of recovery; but every one is afraid to tell you so. You stand upon the brink of eternity. Pray, Sir, order a Clergyman to be called.’ He paused a little, but soon gave his hand to his servant, thanked him for his honesty, and ordered him to send for me.¹ When I came, the man told me plainly, the General was a professed infidel. I went in, and, after a short compliment, said, ‘I am told, my Lord, your life is near an end; therefore I presume, without any ceremony, to ask you one plain question: Is the state of your soul such, that you can entertain a solid hope of salvation?’ He answered, ‘Yes.’ ‘On what do you ground this hope?’ He replied, ‘I never committed any willful sin. I have been liable to frailties; but I trust in God’s mercy, and the merits of his Son, that he will have mercy upon me.’ These words he uttered very slowly, especially, ‘the merits of his Son.’ I made the following reply: ‘I am apt to believe you are not tainted with the grossest vices; but I fear you a little too presumptuously boast of never having committed willful sin. If you would be saved, you must acknowledge your being utterly corrupted by sin, and consequently deserving the curse of God and eternal damnation. As for your hoping for God’s mercy, through the merits of his Son, I beg leave to ask, Do you believe God has a Son; that his Son assumed our nature in order to be our Savior; that, in the execution of his office, he was humbled unto death, even the death upon the cross; and that hereby he has given an ample satisfaction for us, and recovered our title to heaven?’ He answered, ‘I cannot now avoid a more minute description of the true state of my soul. Let me tell you, Doctor, I have some knowledge of philosophy, by which I have chosen for myself a way of salvation. I have always endeavored to live a sober life to the uttermost of my power, not doubting but the Being of all beings would then graciously accept me. In this way I stood in no need of Christ, and therefore did not believe on him. But if I take the Scriptures to be a divine revelation, this way of mine, I perceive, is not the right one; I must believe in Christ, and through him come to God.’ I replied, ‘You say, if you take the Scriptures to be a divine revelation!’ He fetched a deep sigh, and said, ‘O God, thou wilt make me say, Because I take the Scriptures to be thy word.’ I said, ‘There are grounds and reasons enough to demonstrate the divine origin of Christianity, as I could show from its most essential principles, were not the period of your life so short; but we need not now that diffusive method, faith being the gift of God. A poor sinner, tottering on the brink of eternity, has not time to inquire about grounds and reasons: Rather betake yourself to earnest prayer for faith, which if you do, I doubt not but God will give it you.’ I had no sooner spoken these words, but pulling off his cap, and lifting up his eyes and hands, he cried out, ‘O Almighty God, I am a poor cursed sinner, worthy of damnation; but, Lord Jesus, eternal Son of God, thou diedst for my sins also. It is through thee alone I can he saved. O give me faith, and strengthen that faith!’ Being extremely weak, he was obliged to stop here. A little after he asked, ‘Is faith enough for salvation?’ ‘Yes, Sir’ said I, ‘if it be living faith.’ ‘Methinks,’ said he, ‘it is so already; and it will be more so by and by: Let us pray for it.’ Perceiving he was very weak, to give him some rest I retired into the next room, but he soon sent to call me. I found him praying, and Jesus was all he prayed for. I reminded him of some scriptures, treating of faith in Christ, and he was much delighted with them. Indeed, he was quite swallowed up by the grace of Jesus, and would hear of nothing but ‘Jesus Christ, and him crucified.’ He cried out, ‘I do not know how it is with me. I never in my life felt such a change. I have power to love Jesus, and to believe in him whom I so long rejected. O my Jesus, how merciful art thou to me!’

“About noon I stepped home; but he sent for me directly, so that I could scarce eat my dinner. We were both filled with joy, as partakers of the same grace which is in Jesus Christ; and that in such a manner as if we had been acquainted together for many years. Many Officers of the army came to see him continually, to all of whom he talked freely of Jesus, of the grace of the Father in him, and of the power of the Holy Ghost through him, wondering without ceasing at his having found Jesus, and at the happy change by which all things on this side eternity were become indifferent to him.

“In the afternoon he desired to partake of the Lord’s Supper, which he received with a melting, praising, rejoicing heart. All the rest of the day he continued in the same state of soul. Toward evening he desired, that if his end should approach, I would come to him, which I promised; but he did not send for me till the next morning. I was told by his valet, that he slept well for some hours, and then, awaking, prayed for a considerable time, continually mentioning the name of our Lord, and his precious blood; and that he had desired several of the Officers to make his conversion known to his Court. (That of the King of Poland.) After some discourse, I asked, ‘Has your view of Christ and his redemption been neither altered nor obscured since yesterday?’ He answered, ‘Neither altered, nor obscured. I have no doubt, not even a remote one. It is just the same with me, as if I had always thus believed and never doubted: So gracious is the Lord Jesus to me a sinner.’

“This second day he was unwearied in prayer and exercises of faith. Toward evening he sent for me in haste. When I came, I found him dying, and in a kind of delirium; so I could do no more than give him now and then a word of comfort. I prayed afterwards for him and those that were present, some of whom were of high birth and rank. I then, by imposition of hands as usual, gave him a blessing; which being done, he expired immediately. A Royal Prince who was there (Prince Xavier, of Saxony) could not forbear weeping. The rest of the Officers bewailed the loss of their General, yet praised God for having shown such mercy toward him. “I wrote an account of it without delay to his mother, and had an immediate answer. She was a lady of seventy two, of exemplary piety. She praised God for his mercy; adding, that He had now answered the prayers which she had never ceased to offer on his behalf for eleven years.”

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(Being Easter-Day.) I preached at Epworth at eight, and then rode to Haxey church; where I was much refreshed by the decency and seriousness of the congregation. Between one and two I began preaching: So large a congregation was never seen here before. About five I preached at the market-place in Epworth. I was drawing to a conclusion when the rain began; but it drove away only a few careless hearers: The bulk of the people did not stir till I concluded.

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I set out for Selby. We were in hopes the roads would now be passable: And they were tolerable, till we came near the town; but here the late flood had carried away the bank over which we were to ride, and left a great hole in its place. However, we made shift to lead our horses over a narrow path, where the water was fordable. The congregation at Selby obliged me to stand in the garden, though the Northwind was exceeding high. At seven in the evening I preached at York.

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I visited two prisoners in the Castle, which is, I suppose, the most commodious prison in Europe. Both of them seemed to be much convinced, and not far from the kingdom of God. At six I preached in the shell of the new House, to a numerous and serious audience.

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The master of the inn at Tadcaster offering us the use of his garden, I preached to a well behaved congregation; and about five found Mr. Grimshaw and many of our brethren at Leeds. Saturday, 21. At half hour past ten we reached Stainland chapel, near Elland. It is an handsome building, near the top of a mountain, and surrounded with mountains on all sides. It was filled from end to end. Mr. Grimshaw read Prayers, and I preached on part of the Second Lesson. In the room where I dressed myself were a young man and his sister, both ill of a fever. I know not that ever they heard the preaching; however, I desired we might go to prayers. They presently melted into tears. O may God preach his Gospel to their hearts!

I preached at Manchester in the evening, where we had at length a quiet audience. Wretched Magistrates, who, by refusing to suppress, encouraged the rioters, had long occasioned continual tumults here: But some are now of a better spirit: And wherever Magistrates desire to preserve the peace, they have sufficient power to do it.

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I rode over to Maxfield. Abundance of people ran together, but wild as colts untamed. Their noise quite drowned my voice at first; but in a while they were tolerably quiet: And before I had done, all but four or five lubberly men seemed almost persuaded to be Christians.

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I rode to Stockport, designing to preach at one o’clock: But we were at a loss for a place. We fixed at length on a Green, near the town’s end; and we had a quiet and solemn opportunity.

In my return I called to see a girl about thirteen years of age. She had been in violent pain all over, with little intermission, for near twenty months. After I had spoke a few words, she said, “When I saw you before, I did not know the Lord; but now I know him, and am known of him. I am his, and he is mine.” I asked, “Do you never repine at your pain?” She said, “No; I have not a murmuring thought: I am happy, always happy. I would not change this bed of affliction for the palace of King George.” I asked, “Are you not proud of this? Is pride taken out of your heart?” She answered “I do not know; but I feel no pride. I feel that God is all.” “But do you feel no fretfulness or peevishness?” “I cannot tell that I do. Pain sometimes makes me cry out when they stir me; but I do not fret at any thing.” “Do you find no self will?” “Not that I know. I desire nothing, but that the will of God be done.” “Do not you desire life or death?” “No; I leave all to Him. But, if it was his will, I should be glad to die. The world is full of danger: I should be glad to leave it, and to be with Christ.” — O why was she then not taken to Paradise? I fear she has now no religion at all!

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We had a numerous congregation at Acton Bridge, two or three miles from Northwich. Some large trees screened us both from the sun and wind. In the afternoon I rode on to Chester. It was well the wind was pretty high; for the sun shone as hot as it uses to do in the dog days.

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I rode over to Mould, in Flintshire, about twelve miles from Chester. The sun was very hot, and the wind very cold; but as the place they had chose for me was exposed both to the sun and the wind, the one balanced the other: And notwithstanding the Chester races, which had drawn the rich away, and the market day, which detained many of the poor, we had a multitude of people; the serious part of whom soon influenced the rest: So that all but two or three remained uncovered, and kneeled down as soon as I began to pray.

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We crossed over from Chester to Liverpool. The congregations here were exceeding large; but many of them seemed to be like wild asses’ colts. Yet God is able to make them wise unto salvation.

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I received much comfort at the old church in the morning, and at St. Thomas’s in the afternoon. It was as if both the sermons had been made for me. I pity those who can find no good at church. But how should they, if prejudice come between, an effectual bar to the grace of God?

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I rode to Downham Green, near Wigan, a town wicked to a proverb. We had a specimen of the manners of its inhabitants, in the behavior of a man that met us, and accosted us with such language as would have become an inhabitant of the bottomless pit. One would have thought, from their looks, that a good part of the congregations was of the same spirit: But in a short time the word of God prevailed, and all their fierceness melted away.

In the evening I preached at Bolton, and on Friday, 11, about nine, at lower Darwent, a small village near Blackburn. At Lancaster we were informed it was too late to cross the sands. However, we resolved to make the trial. We passed the seven mile sand without difficulty, and reached Fluckborough about sunset.

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Setting out early, we came to Bottle, about twenty four measured miles from Fluckborough, soon after eight, having crossed the Millam Sand, without either guide or difficulty. Here we were informed that we could not pass at Ravenglass before one or two o’clock; whereas, had we gone on, (as we afterward found,) we might have passed immediately. About eleven we were directed to a Ford, near Manchester Hall, which they said we might cross at noon. When we came thither, they told us we could not cross; so we sat still till about one: We then found we could have crossed at noon. However, we reached White haven before night. But I have taken my leave of the sand road. I believe it is ten measured miles shorter than the other: But there are four sands to pass, so far from each other, that it is scarce possible to pass them all in a day: Especially as you have all the way to do with a generation of liars, who detain all strangers as long as they can, either for their own gain or their neighbors’. I can advise no stranger to go this way: He may go round by Kendal and Keswick, often in less time, always with less expense, and far less trial of his patience.

Reflecting today on the case of a poor woman who had continual pain in her stomach, I could not but remark the inexcusable negligence of most Physicians in cases of this nature. They prescribe drug upon drug, without knowing a jot of the matter concerning the root of the disorder. And without knowing this, they cannot cure, though they can murder, the patient. Whence came this woman’s pain? (which she would never have told, had she never been questioned about it:) From fretting for the death of her son. And what availed medicines, while that fretting continued Why then do not all Physicians consider how far bodily disorders are caused or influenced by the mind; and in those cases, which are utterly out of their sphere, call in the assistance of a Minister; as Ministers, when they find the mind disordered by the body, call in the assistance of a Physician? But why are these cases out of their sphere? Because they know hot God. It follows, no man can be a thorough Physician without being an experienced Christian.

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I rode over to Lorton, a little village at the foot of a high mountain. Many came from a considerable distance, and I believe did not repent of their labor; for they found God to be a God both of the hills and valleys, and no where more present than in the mountains of Cumberland.

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I inquired into a signal instance of Providence. When a coal pit runs far under the ground, it is customary here to build a partition wall, nearly from the shaft to within three or four yards of the end, in order to make the air circulate, which then moves down one side of the wall, turns at the end, and then moves briskly up on the other side. In a pit two miles from the town, which ran full four hundred yards under the ground, and had been long neglected, several parts of this wall were fallen down. Four men were sent down to repair it. They were about three hundred yards from the shaft, when the foul air took fire. In a moment it tore down the wall from end to end; and, burning on till it came to the shaft, it then burst and went off like a large cannon. The men instantly fell on their faces, or they would have been burned to death in a few moments. One of them, who once knew the love of God, (Andrew English,) began crying aloud for mercy. But in a very short time his breath was stopped. The other three crept on their hands and knees, till two got to the shaft and were drawn up; but one of them died in a few minutes. John M’Combe was drawn up next, burned from head to foot, but rejoicing and praising God. They then went down for Andrew, whom they found senseless: The very circumstance which saved his life. For, losing his senses, he lay flat on the ground, and the greatest part of the fire went over him; whereas, had he gone forward on his hands and knees, he would undoubtedly have been burned to death. But life or death was welcome; for God had restored the light of his countenance.

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One was showing us the improvements begun by Sir William Lowther. He had marked out places for new walks, and for tufts of trees, laid out a new plan for his gardens, begun to alter the house, and was preparing to make a little paradise round about it. But death came between. And how little loss was this, if it removed him to the paradise of God!

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I preached at eight in an open place at the Gins, a village on one side of the town. Many were there, who never did and never would come to the Room. O what a victory would Satan gain, if he could put an end to field preaching! But that, I trust, he never will: At least not till my head is laid.

After preaching again at two, I took my leave of Whitehaven, and rode to Cockermouth. At six I preached at the end of the market-house. High and low, rich and poor, attended; and by far the greater part of the audience seemed to be conscious that God was there.

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I preached at ten in the market-place at Wigton, and came to Solway Frith, just as the water was fordable. At some times it is so three hours in twelve; at other times, barely one.

After making a short bait at Rothwell, we came to Dumfries before six o’clock. Having time to spare, we took a walk in the church yard, one of the pleasantest places I ever saw. A single tomb I observed there, which was about an hundred and thirty years old; but the inscription was very hardly legible.

Quandoguidem remanent ipsis quoque fata sepulchris!¹

So soon do even our sepulchres die! Strange, that men should be so careful about them! But are not many self condemned therein? They see the folly, while they run into it. So poor Mr. Prior, speaking of his own tomb, has those melancholy words, “For this last piece of human vanity, I bequeath five hundred pounds.”

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We rode through a pleasant country to Thorny Hill, near which is the grand seat of the Duke of Queensborough. How little did the late Duke imagine that his son would plough up his park, and let his house run to ruin! But let it go! In a little time the earth itself, and all the works of it, shall be burned up.

Hence we rode through and over huge mountains, green to the very top, to Lead Hills; a village containing five hundred families, who have had no Minister for these four years. So in Scotland, the poor have not the Gospel preached! Who shall answer for the blood of these men? Early in the evening we came to Lesmahagow, a village not so large as Lead Hills. It has, however, two Ministers. Here also we walked down to the church yard, by the side of which a little clear river runs, near the foot of an high and steep mountain. The wood which covers this makes the walks that run on its sides pleasant beyond imagination. But what taste have the good people of the town for this? As much as the animals that graze on the river bank.

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We took horse soon after four, and did not stop before we came to Glasgow; having hardly seen a cloud in the sky since we set out from Whitehaven.

I preached at seven in the Poor-house; and at seven in the morning,

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But in the evening we were obliged to be abroad, and I used great plainness of speech. All suffered the word of exhortation; some seemed to be a little affected.

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I found the little society which I had joined here two years since had soon split in pieces. In the afternoon I met several of the members of the praying societies; and showed them what Christian fellowship was, and what need they had of it. About forty of them met me on Sunday, 27, in Mr. Gillies’s kirk, immediately after Evening Service. I left them determined to meet Mr. Gillies weekly, at the same time and place. If this be done, I shall try to see Glasgow again: If not, I can employ my time better.

At seven in the morning we had a numerous congregation, though small compared to that in the evening. Yet my voice was so strengthened, that I believe all could hear. I spoke very plain on, “Ye must be born again.” Now I am clear of the blood of this people. I have delivered my own soul.

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I rode through Edinburgh to Musselburgh, and preached in the evening to a deeply attentive congregation. Wednesday, 30. I rode on to Dunbar, and at six in the evening preached in a large, open place. (As also the next day.) Both poor and rich quietly attended, though most of them shivering with cold; for the weather was so changed within a few days, that it seemed more like December than May.

Lodging with a sensible man, I inquired particularly into the present discipline of the Scotch parishes. In one parish it seems there are twelve ruling Elders; in another there are fourteen. And what are these? Men of great sense and deep experience? Neither one, nor the other. But they are the richest men in the parish. And are the richest, of course, the best and the wisest men? Does the Bible teach this? I fear not. What manner of Governors then will these be? Why, they are generally just as capable of governing a parish, as of commanding an army.

About this time the work of God exceedingly increased under the Rev. Mr. Berridge, near Everton. I cannot give a clearer view of this, than by transcribing part of the Journal of an eye witness: —

“Sunday, May 20. Being with Mr. B——ll at Everton, I was much fatigued and did not rise. But Mr. B. did, and observed several fainting and crying out while Mr. B——e was preaching. Afterward, at church, I heard many cry out, especially children, whose agonies were amazing: One of the eldest, a girl ten or twelve years old, was full in my view, in violent contortions of body, and weeping aloud, I think incessantly during the whole Service. And several much younger children were in Mr. B——ll’s view, agonizing as this did. The church was equally crowded in the afternoon, the windows being filled within and without, and even the outside of the pulpit to the very top; so that Mr. B——e seemed almost stifled by their breath. Yet feeble and sickly as he is, he was continually strengthened, and his voice for the most part distinguishable, in the midst of all the outcries. I believe there were present three times more men than women, a great part of whom came from far; thirty of them having set out at two in the morning, from a place thirteen miles off. The text was, ‘Having a form of godliness, but denying the power thereof.’ When the power of religion began to be spoke of, the presence of God really filled the place. And while poor sinners felt the sentence of death in their souls, what sounds of distress did I hear! The greatest number of them who cried or fell, were men; but some women, and several children, felt the power of the same almighty Spirit, and seemed just sinking into hell. This occasioned a mixture of various sounds; some shrieking, some roaring aloud. The most general was a loud breathing, like that of people half strangled and gasping for life. And indeed almost all the cries were like those of human creatures dying in bitter anguish. Great numbers wept without any noise; others fell down as dead; some sinking in silence; some with extreme noise and violent agitation. I stood on the pew seat, as did a young man in the opposite pew, an able bodied, fresh, healthy countryman. But in a moment, while he seemed to think of nothing less, down he dropped, with a violence inconceivable. The adjoining pews seemed shook with his fall. I heard afterward the stamping of his feet, ready to break the boards, as he lay in strong convulsions, at the bottom of the pew. Among several that were struck down in the next pew, was a girl who was as violently seized as him. When he fell, B——ll and I felt our souls thrilled with a momentary dread; as when one man is killed by a cannon ball, another often feels the wind of it.

“Among the children who felt the arrows of the Almighty, I saw a sturdy boy, about eight years old, who roared above his fellows, and seemed in his agony to struggle with the strength of a grown man. His face was red as scarlet; and almost all on whom God laid his hand, turned either very red, or almost black. When I returned, after a little walk, to Mr. B——e’s house, I found it full of people. He was fatigued, but said he would nevertheless give them a word of exhortation. I stayed in the next room, and saw the girl whom I had observed so particularly distressed in the church, lying on the floor as one dead; but without any ghastliness in her face. In a few minutes we were informed of a woman filled with peace and joy, who was crying out just before. She had come thirteen miles, and is the same person who dreamed Mr. B—— would come to her village on that very day whereon he did come, though without either knowing the place or the way to it. She was convinced at that time. Just as we heard of her deliverance, the girl on the floor began to stir. She was then set in a chair; and, after sighing awhile, suddenly rose up, rejoicing in God. Her face was covered with the most beautiful smile I ever saw. She frequently fell on her knees, but was generally running to and fro, speaking these and the like words, ‘O what can Jesus do for lost sinners! He has forgiven all my sins! I am in heaven! I am in heaven! O how he loves me! And how I love him!’ Meantime I saw a thin, pale girl, weeping with sorrow for herself, and joy for her companion. Quickly the smiles of Heaven came likewise on her, and her praises joined with those of the other. I also then laughed with extreme joy; so did Mr. B——ll; (who said it was more than he could well bear;) so did all who knew the Lord, and some of those who were waiting for salvation; till the cries of them who were struck with the arrows of conviction, were almost lost in the sounds of joy. “Two or three well dressed young women, who seemed careless before, now felt the power of God, and cried out with a loud and bitter cry. Mr. B—— about this time retired, and the Duke or M——, with Mr. A——ll, came in. They seemed inclined to make a disturbance, but were restrained, and in a short time quietly retired. We continued praising God with all our might; and his work went on as when Mr. B—— was exhorting. I had for some time observed a young woman all in tears; but now her countenance changed. The unspeakable joy appeared in her face, which quick as lightning was filled with smiles, and became of a crimson color. About the same time John Keeling, of Potton, fell into an agony: But he grew calm in about a quarter of an hour, though without a clear sense of pardon. “Immediately after, a stranger, well dressed, who stood facing me, fell backward to the wall; then forward on his knees, wringing his hands, and roaring like a bull. His face at first turned quite red, then almost black. He rose, and ran against the wall, till Mr. Keeling and another holden him. He screamed out, ‘O what shall I do, what shall I do? O for one drop of the blood of Christ!’ As he spoke, God set his soul at liberty: He knew his sins were blotted out; and the rapture he was in seemed too great for human nature to bear. He had come forty miles to hear Mr. B——, and was to leave him the next morning; which he did with a glad heart, telling all who came in his way, what God had done for his soul. “I observed about the time that Mr. Coe (that was his name) began to rejoice, a girl, eleven or twelve years old, exceeding poorly dressed, who appeared to be as deeply wounded, and as desirous of salvation, as any. But I lost sight of her, till I heard the joyful sound of another born in Sion; and found, upon inquiry; it was her, the poor, disconsolate, gypsy looking child. And now did I see such a sight, as I do not expect again on this side eternity. The faces of the three justified children, and I think of all the believers present, did really shine: And such a beauty, such a look of extreme happiness, and at the same time of divine love and simplicity, did I never see in human faces till now. The newly justified eagerly embraced one another, weeping on each other’s necks for joy. Then they saluted all of their own sex, and besought both men and women to help them in praising God.

“I have mentioned only one man, two women, and three children at this time justified in the house, but have perhaps omitted some. And it is probable, there was more than one justified at the church, though but one came to speak of it; for all are not equally free to glorify God in the midst of his people. I wish all who find the same salvation with Mr. Coe, were as ready to proclaim redeeming love!

“Thursday, 24. Mr. B——ll and I went to hear Mr. Hicks, at Wrestlingworth, four miles from Everton. We discoursed with him first, and were glad to hear he had wholly given himself up to the glorious work of God, and that the power of the Highest fell upon his hearers as upon Mr. B——e’s. While he was preaching, fifteen or sixteen persons felt the arrows of the Lord, and dropped down. A few of these cried out with the utmost violence, and little intermission, for some hours: While the rest made no great noise, but continued struggling, as in the pangs of death. I observed, besides these, one little girl, deeply convinced, and a boy, nine or ten years old. Both these, and several others, when carried into the parsonage house, either lay as dead, or struggled with all their might. But in a short time their cries increased beyond measure, so that the loudest singing could scarce be heard. Some at last called on me to pray, which I did; and for a time all were calm. But the storm soon began again. Mr. H— —s then prayed, and afterward Mr. B——. But still, though some received consolation, others remained in deep sorrow of heart. “Upon the whole I remark, that few ancient people experience ally thing of this work of God; and scarce any of the rich. These generally show either an utter contempt of, or enmity to, it. Indeed so did Mr. H——s himself some time since: Having so deep an aversion to it, that he denied the sacrament to those of his parish who went to hear Mr. B——e. Neither of these gentlemen have much eloquence, but seem rather weak in speech: The Lord hereby more clearly showing, that this is his own work. It extends into Cambridgeshire, to within a mile of the University; and about as far into Huntingdonshire; but flourishes most of all in the eastern and northern parts of Bedfordshire.

“There were three farmers, in three several villages, who violent; set themselves to oppose it: And for a time they kept many from going to hear. But all three died in about a month. One of them owned the hand of the Lord was upon him, and besought Him, in the bitterness of his soul, to prolong his life, vowing to hear Mr. B. himself. But the Lord would not be entreated.

“The violent struggling of many in the above mentioned churches has broke several pews and benches. Yet it is common for people to remain unaffected there, and afterward drop down in their way home. Some have been found lying as dead in the road; others, in Mr. B——e’s garden; not being able to walk from the church to his house, though it is not two hundred yards.

“I have since received a letter from Mr. B., an extract of which I send you: —

“‘On Sunday night a man of Wybersley, a Nathanael indeed, was so filled with the love of God during Morning Prayer, that he dropped down, and lay as one dead for two hours. He had been so filled with love all the week before, that he was often for a time unable to work.

“‘On Sunday night last as I was speaking in my house, there was a violent outcry. One soul was set at liberty. We sung near an hour, and the Lord released three more out of captivity.

“‘On Monday night Mr. H——ks accompanied me to Meldred. On the way we called at a farmer’s house. After dinner I went into his yard, and seeing near an hundred and fifty people, I called for a table, and preached, for the first time, in the open air. Two persons were seized with strong convictions, fell down, and cried out most bitterly. We then went to Meldred, where I preached in a field, to about four thousand people. In the morning, at five, Mr. H——ks preached in the same field, to about a thousand. And now the presence of the Lord was wonderfully among us. There was abundance of weeping and strong crying: And, I trust, beside many that were slightly wounded, near thirty received true heart felt conviction. At ten we returned, and called again at the farmer’s house. Seeing about a dozen people in the brewhouse, I spoke a few words. Immediately the farmer’s daughter dropped down in strong convictions. Another also was miserably torn by Satan; but set at liberty before I had done prayer. At four I preached in my own house, and God gave the Spirit of adoption to another mourner.

“‘On Monday last I went to Shelford, four miles from Cambridge, near twenty from Everton. The journey made me quite ill; being so weary with riding, that I was obliged to walk part of the way. When I came thither, a table was set for me on the Common; and, to my great surprise, I found near ten thousand people round it, among whom were many gownsmen from Cambridge. I was hardly able to stand on my feet, and extremely hoarse with a cold. When I lifted up my foot, to get on the table, an horrible dread overwhelmed me: But the moment I was fixed thereon, I seemed as unconcerned as a statue. I gave out my text, (Galatians 3:10, 11,) and made a pause, to think of something pretty to set off with; but the Lord so confounded me, (as indeed it was meet, for I was seeking not his glory, but my own,) that I was in a perfect labyrinth; and found, if I did not begin immediately, I must go down without speaking. So I broke out with the first word that occurred, not knowing whether I should be able to add any more. Then the Lord opened my mouth, enabling me to speak near an hour, without any kind of perplexity; and so loud, that every one might hear. The audience behaved with great decency. When sermon was over, I found myself so cool and easy, so cheerful in spirit, and wonderfully strengthened in body, I went into an house, and spoke again near an hour, to about two hundred people. In the morning I preached again to about a thousand. Mr. H——s engaged to preach in Orwell Field on Tuesday evening. I gave notice that I designed to preach on Monday night at Grandchester, a mile from Cambridge.

“‘Mr. H——s and I have agreed to go into Hertfordshire; afterwards to separate, and go round the neighborhood, preaching in the fields, wherever a door is opened, three or four days in every week.’ Believe me “Your affectionate servant,

“J. B.”

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The rain began when we took horse, and attended us all the way to Berwick. When I was tolerably dry, I sent to the Mayor, who readily granted the use of the Town Hall. Here I preached about seven to a drowsy congregation, on, “Why will Ye die, O house of Israel?” And again a little after seven in the morning, on, “I would thou wert either cold or hot.” In the evening I preached in the Court House at Alnwick, to a people quite of another spirit; having the power, as well as the form, of godliness, and panting after the whole image of God.

JUNE 3. (Being Whit-Sunday.) I preached at eight in the Court House; but it was much crowded, and exceeding hot. So in the afternoon I went to the Cross, and cried aloud, in the name of my Master, “If any man thirst, let him come unto me and drink.”

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I preached in Placey Square at one, to an earnest, loving congregation; and inquired of one of them, James Gillies, concerning a report I had heard the day before. He informed me, that when he was a little child, he had just learned his Christ cross row: But this he soon forgot. Between twenty and thirty he was deeply convinced of sin; at which time, feeling a strong persuasion he could read, he went into a neighbor’s house, took up a Bible, and read distinctly; which he has done ever since.

After preaching, I rode on to Newcastle. Certainly if I did not believe there was another world, I should spend all my summers here; as I know no place in Great Britain comparable to it for pleasantness. But I seek another country, and therefore am content to be a wanderer upon earth.

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I preached at Gateshead Fell to a numerous congregation. In earnestness the colliers of Gateshead utterly shame the colliers of Kingswood; scarce thirty of whom think it worth while to hear the word of God on a week day, not even when I preach: And here the House will scarce contain the week day congregation of a Local Preacher.

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I rode to Sunderland, and preached in the shell of their House. The people of this town likewise are hungry for the word, and receive it with all gladness. Sunday, 10. The House contained us at eight, but at one I was obliged to stand in the great street, and declare to an attentive multitude, “Ye must be born again.” In the evening I preached to some thousands at Newcastle, near the Keelmen’s Hospital; if haply God might bring back some of them who ran well many years ago.

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After preaching at the Fell, I rode to Chester. The congregation was deeply serious, both in the evening and at five in the morning. Thence we crossed the country to Newlands, where I was met by poor John Brown, who has refrained from preaching till he is fallen into deep despair. I preached on, “I will heal their backsliding:” But the word did not reach his heart.

I never saw near so large a congregation at Sheephill as we had at six in the evening. What is wanting in this whole country? Only more laborers.

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I rode to Widdrington, and preached at one to a congregation gathered from all parts. The Court House at Alnwick was pretty well filled in the evening; and in the morning, Sunday, 17, we had a sound, useful sermon at church, and a serious well behaved congregation. I preached in the market-place about five; and I trust God applied the word, “Ye must be born again.”

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Having an uneasy horse, I was tired enough when we came into Morpeth: But after resting awhile, I was strengthened to preach “Christ crucified” in the market-place, to such a congregation as was never seen there before: And a solemn awe seemed to sit on every face, Officers and gentlemen, as well as common people. After preaching at Placey in the evening, I rode back to Newcastle.

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I endeavored to compose the little differences which had much hurt the poor people at Gateshead Fell. O what zeal, what prudence and patience, are requisite to bear the manners of an untoward people, and to train them up in Christian discipline, till they come to the full stature of Christ!

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I preached at Nafferton at one. As I was riding thence, one stopped me on the road and said, “Sir, do not you remember, when you was at Prudhoe, two years since, you breakfasted at Thomas Newton’s? I am his sister. You looked upon me as you was going out, and said, ‘Be in earnest.’ I knew not then what earnestness meant, nor had any thought about it: But the words sunk into my heart, so that I could never rest any more, till I sought and found Christ.”

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I rode to S——k, and preached to my old congregation of colliers, on, “Why will ye die, O house of Israel?” After preaching, a servant of Mr.—— came and said, “Sir, my master discharges you from preaching any more on his ground; not out of any disrespect to you, but he will stand by the Church.” “Simple master Shallow!” as Shakespeare has it: Wise master Rector, his counselor!

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I spoke to each of the society in Sunderland. Most of the robbers, commonly called smugglers, have left us; but more than twice the number of honest people are already come in their place: And if none had come, yet should I not dare to keep those who steal either from the King or subject.

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I preached in the street at eight; about one at South Shields, and at five in North Shields. The greatest part of them seemed to hear as for their lives. So are these lions also become lambs. O for zealous, active, faithful laborers! How white are the fields unto the harvest! On Monday and Tuesday evening I preached abroad, near the Keelmen’s Hospital, to twice the people we should have had at the House. What marvel the devil does not love field preaching! Neither do I: I love a commodious room, a soft cushion, an handsome pulpit. But where is my zeal, if I do not trample all these under foot, in order to save one more soul?

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We had the general meeting of the stewards, by whom I found the societies in this Circuit still contain about eighteen hundred members. I hope not many of these will be choked by the thorns.

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About eleven I set out for Swalwell, in a fair, mild morning; but in half an hour the rain poured down, so that in a few minutes I was wet from head to foot; and when I came thither, where to preach I knew not, for the House would not contain a third of the people. Just then the Dissenting Minister sent to offer me the use of his meeting house. I went thither without delay: There was a large congregation, and a blessing in the midst of them.

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I preached in Winlington at noon. The sun was very hot, and shone full upon my head; but the wind was very high and very cold; so that the one tempered the other while I was declaring the grace of God to a well meaning multitude, who know little as yet, but are willing to know “the truth as it is in Jesus.” I preached at Sheephill in the evening, and returned to Newcastle as fresh as I was in the morning.

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Between eight and nine I preached to a quiet multitude in Gateshead. At two I preached in the Fell, to the largest congregation which had ever been seen there; and in the evening, near the Keelmen’s Hospital, to full as many as my voice would reach. It was a season of love; and God caused the mountains to flow down at his presence.

While the society was gathering, I went to a young woman, who was some days since suddenly struck with what they called madness; and so it was, but a diabolical madness, as plainly appeared from numerous circumstances: However, after we had been at prayer, she fell asleep, and never raged or blasphemed after.

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I rode to Durham, and went at one to the meadow by the river-side, where I preached two years ago. The congregation was now larger by one half; but the sun was so scorching hot upon my head, that I was scarce able to speak. I paused a little, and desired God would provide us a covering, if it was for his glory. In a moment it was done; a cloud covered the sun, which troubled us no more. Ought voluntary humility to conceal these palpable proofs, that God still heareth the prayer? Between two and three we took horse. The sun now shone again, and with so intense an heat, that I know not how we could have endured it, but that the wind came in our face, by the help of which we got pretty well to Hartlepool. I suppose we had all the town with us in the evening, either in the street or the adjoining houses. And God was pleased to touch the hearts of many, even among this dull, heavy, sleepy people.

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I wrote to Dr. Taylor as follows: —

“REV. SIR, Hartlepool, July 3, 1759.

“I ESTEEM YOU as a person of uncommon sense and learning; but your doctrine I cannot esteem. And some time since I believed it my duty to speak my sentiments at large, concerning your doctrine of Original Sin. When Mr. Newton, of Liverpool, mentioned this, and asked, whether you designed to answer, you said, you thought not; for it would only be a personal controversy between Jo. W——y and Jo. T——r. How gladly, if I durst, would I accept of this discharge from so unequal a contest! For I am thoroughly sensible, humanly speaking, it is formica contra leonem.¹ How gladly, were it indeed no other than a personal controversy! But certainly it is not; it is a controversy de re, if ever there was one in the world. Indeed, concerning a thing of the highest importance; nay, all the things that concern our eternal peace. It is Christianity or Heathenism! For take away the scriptural doctrine of redemption, or justification, and that of the new birth, the beginning, of sanctification; or, which amounts to the same, explain them as you do, suitably to your doctrine of Original Sin; and what is Christianity better than Heathenism? Wherein (save in rectifying some of our notions) has the religion of St. Paul any pre eminence over that of Socrates or Epictetus?

“This is therefore, to my apprehension, the least a personal controversy of any in the world. Your person and mine are out of the question. The point is, Are those things that have been believed for many ages throughout the Christian world, real solid truths; or Monkish dreams, and vain imaginations?

“But farther, it is certain between you and me there need be no personal controversy at all. For we may agree to leave each other’s person and character absolutely untouched, while we sum up and answer the several arguments advanced, as plainly and closely as we can.

“Either I or you mistake the whole of Christianity from the beginning to the end. Either my scheme or yours is as contrary to the scriptural as the Koran is. Is it mine or yours? Yours has gone through all England, and made numerous converts. I attack it from end to end: Let all England judge, whether it can be defended or not.

“Earnestly praying that God may give you and me a right understanding in all things, I am, Reverend Sir,

“Your servant for Christ’s sake,

“J. W.”

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Mr. Jones preached at five, I at eight. Toward the close of the sermon, a queer, dirty, clumsy man, I suppose a country wit, took a great deal of pains to disturb the congregation. When I had done, fearing he might hurt those who were gathered about him, I desired two or three of our brethren to go to him, one after the other, and not say much themselves, but let him talk till he was weary. They did so, but without effect, as his fund of ribaldry seemed inexhaustible. W. A. then tried another way. He got into the circle close to him, and, listening a while, said, “That is pretty; pray say it over again.” “What! are you deaf?” “No; but for the entertainment of the people. Come; we are all attention.” After repeating this twice or thrice, the wag could not stand it; but, with two or three curses, walked clear off.

In the evening I began near Stockton market-place as usual. I had hardly finished the hymn, when I observed the people in great confusion, which was occasioned by a Lieutenant of a man of war, who had chosen that time to bring his press gang, and ordered them to take Joseph Jones and William Alwood. Joseph Jones telling him, “Sir, I belong to Mr. Wesley,” after a few words he let him go; as he did likewise William Alwood, after a few hours, understanding he was a licensed Preacher. He likewise seized upon a young man of the town; but the women rescued him by main strength. They also broke the Lieutenant’s head; and so stoned both him and his men, that they ran away with all speed.

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I rode on to Yarm. The heat of the day was hardly to be born; but in the evening it was extremely pleasant; and the whole congregation were deeply serious.

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At one I was at Hutton Rudby, six miles south of Yarm, where they have just built a preaching-house; but it would not contain a fourth of the congregation; and what place to choose I could not tell, no shade being at hand, and the sun shining near as hot as it used to do in Georgia. Finding no other way, I stood in the street, near an house, which sheltered some of the people: The rest seemed not to know whether it was hot or cold, God so plenteously refreshed their souls. Much the same congregation was at Potto in the evening; and with the same blessing.

Having preached considerably longer, both at noon and night, than I am accustomed to do, I was so hoarse in the morning, Sunday, 8, that I knew not what I should do to go through the work of the day. However, I began it by preaching on the Green at Stokesley to a multitude of people. Thence I rode to Guisborough, at the foot of the mountains. The sun would have been insupportable, but that we had a strong wind full in our face, for the greatest part of the day. At twelve we had a lovely congregation, in a meadow near the town, who drank in every word that was spoken, as the thirsty earth the showers. The sixteen miles, so called, from hence to Robinhood’s Bay, took us between five and six hours riding; so that when I came thither I was quite exhausted. However, I went to the quay, where a large congregation was waiting; and all behaved well, but au honest tar, who was much disturbed at my saying, “No man is delivered from the fear of death, but he that fears God.”

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We took horse at half an hour past three, and rode over the huge mountains to Scarborough. I began to preach near the main street at seven. The congregation was large, and some of them wild enough; but in a short time all were quiet and still; nor did I hear one unkind word when I had done.

In the afternoon I rode to York, where I thought to rest a few days, being almost worn-out; but it was judged quite necessary I should go to Hull, lest the little flock should be discouraged: So, on Friday, 13, I set out early, and reached Pocklington between eight and nine. The last time I was here they rung the bells, in order to drown my voice. But he who then paid the ringers is run away; so I had a quiet and serious audience. I had a far finer congregation at Hull: So, for once, the rich have the Gospel preached! At night Charles Delamotte called upon me, and seemed to be the same loving, simple man still. I should not repent my journey to Hull, were it only for this short interview.

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I preached at eight in Mr. Hilton’s yard, near the great street in Beverley; and was surprised to see so quiet and civil a congregation, where we expected nothing less. All the men were uncovered, and the whole audience was attentive, from beginning to end; nor did one person give us a rude word, while we rode from one end of the town to the other. This, with the large and earnest congregation at York in the evening, made me forget all my labor.

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I began reading to the society an account of the late work of God at Everton; but I could not get through. At first there were only silent tears on every side; but it was not long before several were unable to refrain from weeping aloud: And quickly a stout young man dropped down, and roared as in the agonies of death. I did not attempt to read any farther, but began wrestling with God in prayer. We continued herein till near nine o’clock. What a day of Jubilee was this!

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I left York, and, about noon, preached at Tadcaster. Distant thunder did not lessen the number, but increased the seriousness, of the congregation, who appeared entirely different from those I saw here two years ago.

At seven in the evening I preached to an immense congregation at the foot of a high mountain near Otley. Wednesday, 18. I rode on to Mr. Marshal’s, at Guiseley, the Capua of Yorkshire.

Hic nemus, hic gelidi fontes, hic mollia prata.¹ It is well God is here, or who could bear it?

Hence we rode to Keighley, where is a loving, earnest, well established people. Here many of our Preachers met me, and many of our brethren; and God was with us in all our assemblies.

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We went on to Colne, (formerly, I suppose, a Roman colony,) situate on the top of an high round hill, at the edge of Pendle Forest. I preached at eleven in an open space, not far from the main street; and I have seldom seen a more attentive or decently behaved congregation. How is the scene changed, since the drunken mob of this town used to be a terror to all the country!

We rode to Broad Clough in the afternoon, a lone house in the midst of the Lancashire mountains. The people came in from all quarters, and it was a season of great refreshment. Among the rest was Mr. M——r, who gave us an account of his late trials. I wonder the butcher (Doctor, so called) to whom he was committed, did not murder him: He took true pains so to do; but his chain did not reach so far.

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Mr. Grimshaw led us to Gawksham, another lone house, on the side of an enormous mountain. The congregation stood and sat, row above row, in the sylvan theatre. I believe nothing on the postdiluvian earth can be more pleasant than the road from hence, between huge steep mountains, clothed with wood to the top, and washed at the bottom by a clear, winding stream. At four I preached to a very large congregation at Heptonstall, and thence rode on to Haworth.

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At ten Mr. Milner read Prayers; but the church would not near contain the congregation: So, after Prayers, I stood on a scaffold close to the church, and the congregation in the church yard. The communicants alone filled the church. In the afternoon the congregation was nearly doubled; and yet most of these were not curious hearers, but men fearing God.

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I preached near Huddersfield, to the wildest congregation I have seen in Yorkshire: Yet they were restrained by an unseen hand; and I believe some felt the sharpness of his word. I preached at Halifax in the evening; but the preaching-house was like an oven. Tuesday, 24. The House was well filled at five. About seven in the evening I preached at Bradford, at the door of the House, as it could not contain one half of the congregation. Wednesday, 25. I tallied with most of those whom Edward Hales had torn from their brethren. Just as he was coming to widen the breach, it pleased God to take him to himself. The wanderers were now willing to return, and I received them again, I trust, for ever.

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I preached in Gildersome at noon, and at Morley in the evening. A flame is suddenly broke out here, where it was least of all expected; and it spreads wider and wider. When God will work, who is able to stay his hand?

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I preached about eight at Birstal. The congregation covered a great part of the field, and my voice was exceedingly strengthened, so that I believe all could hear. At one I enforced those solemn words on an immense multitude: “This is life eternal, to know thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom thou hast sent.”

I shall easily be excused for adding here a farther account of the work of God in and near Elverton: —

“ON Monday, July 9, I set out, and on Wednesday noon reached Potton, where I rejoiced at the account given by John Keeling of himself and others. He was justified, it seems, on that memorable Sabbath, but had not a clear witness of it till ten days after; about which time his sister (who was, on that day, in great distress) was also set at liberty. I discoursed also with Ann Thorn, who told me of much heaviness following the visions with which she had been favored; but said she was at intervals visited still with such overpowering love and joy, especially at the Lord’s Supper, that she often lay in a trance for many hours. She is twenty one years old. We were soon after called into the garden, where Patty Jenkins (one of the same age) was so overwhelmed with the love of God, that she sunk down, and appeared as one in a pleasant sleep, only with her eyes open; yet she had often just strength to utter, with a low voice, ejaculations of joy and praise; but no words coming up to what she felt, she frequently laughed while she saw his glory. This is quite unintelligible to many; for a stranger intermeddleth not with our joy. So it was to Mr. M——, who doubted whether God or the devil had filled her with love and praise. O the depth of human wisdom! Mr. R——, the mean time, was filled with a solemn awe. I no sooner sat down by her than the Spirit of God poured the same blessedness into my soul. Hers continued till the time we were to set out for Cockin Hatley. Then her strength was restored in a moment, and we walked together, sixteen in number, singing to the Lord as we went along. “Mr. Hicks preached an excellent sermon on the Strait Gate. The next morning, Thursday, 12, he gave me leave to take an extract from his Journal: But I had only time to write the occurrences of one morning, as follows: —

“JUNE 6, 1759. — I spoke this morning at Orwell, on Isaiah 55:1. One who had been before convinced of sin, fell down in a kind of fit, and broke out, in great anguish of soul, calling on the Lord Jesus for salvation. He wrought, as in the agonies of death, and was quite bathed in sweat. He beat the chair against which he kneeled, as one whose soul drew nigh unto hell. His countenance then cleared up at once: We hoped he would be presently set at liberty; but on a sudden he was more distressed than ever, being in the sharpest conflict. Every muscle of his body was in strong agitation, as if nature was just dissolving. I never saw any convulsion fit so violent. But in a moment God dispelled the cloud. His face was again covered with smiles, and he spake as seeing the Lord near him. He cried unto Him; and the Lord hearing pronounced him freely forgiven. At that instant he clapped his hands, and cried aloud, ‘Jesus is mine! He is my Savior!’ His soul was in peace; neither did he find the least bodily pain or soreness. I asked, ‘For what would you undergo this again?’ He said, ‘Not for all the world; but I would suffer more rather than be without Christ: Yea, for his sake, I would suffer all things.’ ‘An unwise man doth not consider this; a fool doth not understand it.’

“This morning, Ann Simpson, aged sixteen or seventeen, lay near an hour in the utmost distress, shrieking out, ‘Christ!’ ‘Christ!’ and no other word; her face all the time being violently distorted. I left her awhile, but could scarce sit down before I heard the voice of praise. I went, and found her heaviness turned into joy, even the joyful assurance that her sins were pardoned. She sprang by me to a young woman who lay in a kind of trance, and clasped her in her arms, breathing forth praise to God. I retired again, but had not been long seated ere she came in, running to me in a transport of praise. I asked her, why she cried out continually, ‘Christ! Christ!’ She answered, ‘I thought myself at that time on a little island, and saw Satan in a hideous form, just ready to devour me, hell all round open to receive me, and myself ready to drop in; while no help appeared, nor any way to escape. But just as I was dropping in, the Lord appeared between me and the great gulf, and would not let me fall into it. As soon as I saw him, all my trouble was gone, and still the pain I felt before; and ever since I have been light and joyful, and filled with the love of God.’ “So far Mr. Hicks, who told me he was first convinced of sin, August 1st, 1758; and finding peace in about six weeks, first preached the Gospel on September 17th. From that time he was accounted a fool and a madman. About two thousand souls seem to have been awakened by Mr. B. and him within this twelvemonth.

“Fri. 13. — Mr. R——, as well as Mr. M——, was in doubt concerning the work of God here. But this morning they were both fully convinced, while Alice Miller, the little pale girl, justified May 20, who is in the sixteenth, and Molly Raymond, who is in the twelfth, year of her age, related their experience; their artless confidence confirming all their words. We walked this forenoon to Tadlow, in Cambridgeshire, to hear Mr. B., but came too late for the sermon. However, the account we received of the wonderful works of God, in this and the neighboring places, was matter of great rejoicing to me, as are all manifestations of the world to come. “Sat. 14. — Mr. B., being ill, desired me to exhort a few people in his house, which the Lord enabled me to do with such ease and power, that I was quite amazed. The next morning, at seven, his servant, Caleb Price, spoke to about two hundred people. The Lord was wonderfully present, more than twenty persons feeling the arrows of conviction. Several fell to the ground; some of whom seemed dead; others, in the agonies of death, the violence of their bodily convulsions exceeding all description. There was also great crying and agonizing in prayer, mixed with deep and deadly groans on every side.

“When sermon was ended, one brought good tidings to Mr. B. from Grandchester, that God had there broken down seventeen persons, last week, by the singing of hymns only; and that a child, seven years old, sees many visions, and astonishes the neighbors with her innocent, awful manner of declaring them.

“While Mr. B. preached in the church, I stood with many in the church yard, to make room for those who came from far; therefore I saw little, but heard the agonizing of many, panting and gasping after eternal life. In the afternoon, Mr. B. was constrained, by the multitude of people, to come out of the church, and preach in his own close. Some of those who were here pricked to the heart, were affected in an astonishing manner. The first man I saw wounded would have dropped, but others, catching him in their arms, did, indeed, prop him up, but were so far from keeping him still, that he caused all of them to totter and tremble. His own shaking exceeded that of a cloth in the wind. It seemed as if the Lord came upon him like a giant, taking him by the neck, and shaking all his bones in pieces. One woman tore up the ground with her hands, filling them with dust and with the hard trodden grass, on which I saw her lie, with her hands clinched, as one dead, when the multitude dispersed. Another roared and screamed in a more dreadful agony than ever I heard before. I omitted the rejoicing of believers, because of their number, and the frequency thereof, though the manner was strange; some of them being quite overpowered with divine love, and only showing enough of natural life to let us know they were overwhelmed with joy and life eternal. Some continued long as if they were dead, but with a calm sweetness in their looks. I saw one who lay two or three hours in the open air, and being then carried into the house, continued insensible another hour, as if actually dead. The first sign of life she showed was a rapture of praise intermixed with a small joyous laughter. “Mon. 16. — Mr. B. this evening preached ill his house, where I observed Molly Raymond leaning all the while as if asleep; but an hour or two after she desired to speak with him. I wondered she was not gone home, and was concerned that so little a girl should have so far to go in the dark without company. Mr. B. told me, neither she nor the other justified children were afraid of any thing.

“Tues. 17. — We walked toward Harlston, near which Mr. B. overtook us. He was greatly fatigued and dejected, and said, ‘I am now so weak, I must leave off field preaching.’ Nevertheless, he cast himself on the Lord, and stood up to preach, having near three thousand hearers. He was very weak at first, and scarce able to speak; but God soon performed his promise, imparting new strength to him, and causing him to speak with mighty power. A great shaking was among the dry bones. Incessant were the cries, groans, wringing of hands, and prayers of sinners, now first convinced of their deplorable state. After preaching, he was lively and strong, so that the closeness of a crowded room neither affected his breath, nor hindered his rejoicing over two children, one about eight, the other about six years old, who were crying aloud to God for mercy. “Not only Harlston, but Stapleford and Triplow, to which Mr. B. was now going, were places in which he had never preached the Gospel, and probably never would have done, had it not been for the thundering sermons made against him from their several pulpits. So does Satan frequently overshoot himself, and occasion the downfall of his own kingdom.

“I had been very ill the preceding week: Wherefore, last night I had recourse to God in prayer; and this morning, instead of rising with difficulty at eight or nine, as I had usually done, I rose with ease at five; and instead of losing my strength in a mile or two, I walked eighteen without any weakness or weariness.

“Wed. 18. — We called at the house where Mr. B. had been preaching in the morning, and found several there rejoicing in God, and several mourning after him. While I prayed with them, many crowded into the house, some of whom burst into a strange, involuntary laughter, so that my voice could scarce be heard; and when I strove to speak louder, a sudden hoarseness seized me. Then the laughter increased. I perceived it was Satan, and resolved to pray on. Immediately the Lord rebuked him, that laughter was at an end, and so was my hoarseness. A vehement wrestling with God ran through the whole company, whether sorrowful or rejoicing, till, beside the three young women of the house, one young man, and a girl about eleven years old, who had been counted one of the wickedest in Harlston, were exceedingly blessed with the consolations of God.

“Among those under conviction was an elderly woman, who had been a scoffer at the Gospel, and a keen ridiculer of all that cried out; but she now cried louder than any present. Another I observed, who had known the Lord above five and twenty years. When Mr. B. first brought the Gospel to her ears, she was filled with gladness, knowing this was the same salvation which God had long ago brought to her heart.

“We walked hence to the middle of Shelford Moor; and seeing no person but a young woman who kept sheep, the solitude invited us to stop and sing an hymn; the sound whereof reached her: She came up slowly, weeping as she came, and then stood by a brook of water over against us, with the tears running down her cheeks apace. We sang another hymn for this mourner in Sion, and wrestled for her with God in prayer. But he did not yet comfort her: And indeed I have observed of the people in general who hear Mr. B——, their convictions are not only deep and violent, but last a long time. Wherefore those that are offended at them who rejoice, should consider how terrible a cup they received first. Now they are all light; but they well remember the darkness and misery, the wormwood and the gall.

“We met Mr. B. at Stapleford, five miles from Cambridge. His heart was particularly set on this people, because he was Curate here five or six years; but never preached a Gospel sermon among them till this evening. About one thousand five hundred persons met in a close to hear him, great part of whom were laughers and mockers. The work of God, however, quickly began among them that were serious; while not a few endeavored to make sport, by mimicking the gestures of them that were wounded. Both these, and those who rejoiced in God, gave great offense to some stern looking men, who vehemently demanded to have those wretches horse whipped out of the close. Need we wonder at this, when several of his Own people are unwilling to let God work in his own way? And well may Satan be enraged at the cries of the people, and the prayers they make in the bitterness of their souls; seeing we know these are the chief times at which Satan is cast out.

“However, in a while many of the scoffers were weary and went away; the rest continued as insensible as before. I had long been walking round the multitude, feeling a jealousy for my God, and praying him to make the place of his feet glorious. My patience at last began to fail, and I prayed, ‘O King of Glory, break some of them in pieces; but let it be to the saving of their souls!’ I had but just spoke, when I heard a dreadful noise on the farther side of the congregation; and, turning thither, saw one Thomas Skinner coming, forward, the most horrible human figure I ever saw. His large wig and hair were coal black; his face distorted beyond all description: He roared incessantly, throwing and clapping his hands together with his whole force. Several were terrified, and hasted out of his way. I was glad to hear him, after a while, pray aloud. Not a few of the triflers grew serious, while his kindred and acquaintance were very unwilling to believe even their own eyes and ears. They would fain have got him away; but he fell to the earth, crying, ‘My burden! My burden! I cannot bear it!’ Some of his brother scoffers were calling for horse whips, till they saw him extended on his back at full length. They then said he was dead: And, indeed, the only sign of life was the working of his breast, and the distortions of his face, while the veins of his neck were swelled, as if ready to burst. He was just before the chief captain of Satan’s forces: None was by nature more fitted for mockery; none could swear more heroically, to whip out of the close all who were affected by the preaching. His agonized lasted some hours; then his body and soul were eased. “When Mr. B. had refreshed himself a little, he returned to the close, and bid the multitude take warning by Skinner, who still lay roaring and tormented on the ground. All the people were now deeply serious; and several hundreds, instead of going when Mr. B. dismissed them, stayed in Mr. Jennings’s yard. Many of these, especially men, were truly broken in heart. Mr. B. talked with as many as could come into the house; and seeing what numbers stood hungering without, sent me word to pray with them. This was a grievous cross! I knew it was the Lord’s will; but felt such weakness of body and sinking of spirit, and was withal so hoarse, that I supposed few could hear out of some hundreds who stood before me. However, I attempted, and in a moment the Lord poured upon me such a spirit of supplication, and gave me so clear, strong an utterance, that it seemed I was another man: A farther instance that the servants of God are not sent a warfare on their own charge.

“No sooner had I finished, than we were called to see John Dennis, aged twenty years, who lay on a table. His body was stiff and motionless as a statue; his very neck seemed as if made of iron. He was looking steadfastly up to heaven, and praying aloud with a melodious voice. His words surprised Mr. B. as well as me; who said to the assembly, ‘You need no better preacher; none can tell you the truths of the Gospel more clearly.’ And, indeed, his prayer unfolded the whole Christian system with the greatest accuracy. When he came out of the fit, he was in perfect health; but declared he knew not a word of all he had spoken. His mother then informed us, he had had these fits for two years, at least once a day; but he never spoke in any fit till three weeks ago; ever since he prays in them as tonight, but is himself as ignorant of the matter, as if he had been dead all the time.

“It was late when I went to lodge about half a mile off, where I found a young woman reading hymns, and the power of the Lord falling on the hearers; especially one young man, who cried aloud in such bitter anguish, that I soon desired we might join in prayer. This was the seventh time of my praying in public that day; and had I been faithful, I should probably have prayed seven more.

“Thur. 19. — I returned to Mr. J——gs’s, who had set out at four in the morning, to hear Mr. B. at Grandchester. He came soon after me, but was scarce able to speak. I never saw a man sweat in such a manner; the large drops seeming fixed all over his face, just like beads of glass. The congregation at Grandchester this morning consisted of about one thousand persons, among whom the Lord was wonderfully present, convincing a far greater number now than even last night. Mr. J——gs was a mild, good natured Pharisee, who never had been awakened: But he was now thoroughly convinced of his lost estate, and stood for a time in utter despair, with his mouth wide open, his eyes staring, and full of huge dismay. When he found power to speak, he cried out, ‘I thought I had led a good life; I thought I was not so bad as others; but I am the vilest creature upon earth; I am dropping into hell! Now, now; this very moment!’ He then saw hell open to receive him, and Satan ready to cast him in; but it was not long before he saw the Lord Jesus, and knew he had accepted him. He then cried aloud in an unspeakable rapture, ‘I have got Christ! I have got Christ! ‘For two hours he was in the visions of God; then the joy, though not the peace, abated.

“I had left Mr. J——gs but a little while, when I heard John Dennis loudly praising God. I no sooner kneeled by him than the consolations of God came upon me, so that I trembled and wept much. Nor was the Spirit poured out upon us alone; all in the house were partakers of it. J. D. was kneeling when his fit came We laid him on the ground, where he soon became stiff as last night, and prayed in like manner. Afterwards his body grew flexible by degrees, but was convulsed from head to foot. When he was quite recovered, he said he was quite resigned to the will of God, who gave him such strength in the inner man, that he did not find any of these things grievous, neither could ask to be delivered from them. “I walked from Stapleford with twenty persons, to hear Mr. B. at Triplow, and saw many other companies, some before, some behind, some on either hand, going the same way. This brought to my mind the words of Zechariah, ‘And the inhabitants of one city shall go to another, saying, Let us go speedily to pray before the Lord, and to seek the Lord of hosts; I will go also.’

“Fifteen hundred or two thousand were assembled in the close at Tripiow. The only unpolished part of the audience were a few gentlemen on horseback. They were much offended at the cries of those in conviction, but much more at the rejoicing of others, even to laughter: But they were not able to look them in the face for half a minute together. I looked after Service at every ring which the people made about those that fell under the word. Here and there was a place with only one, but there were generally two or three together; and on one spot no less than seven who lay on the ground as if slain in battle. I soon followed Mr. B. to the house, and found both it and the orchard filled with serious people; to whom he spake till his strength failed, and then, seeing them unwilling to depart, desired me to dismiss them with a prayer. I felt great reluctance; but so mightily, when I began, came the Spirit upon me, that I found no want of utterance, while I was praying with about two hundred persons. I thought they had then gone away, but perceived, an hour after, most of them were still in the house or orchard; sighs and groans, prayers, tears, and joyful praise, being intermixed on every side.

“Fri. 20. — I was wakeful before five; but, conferring with flesh and blood, I slept again. Mr. B. sent for me at seven; but I was then so weak, I could not go till the people were dispersed. Three times more persons were struck with convictions this morning, than had been last night. Mr. B. had prayed with them till near fainting, who then sent for me to come: And who knows what God might have done even by me, if I had not been indulging my vile body? I was glad to see a woman, supposed the chief sinner in the town, now rolling on the earth, screaming and roaring in strong convictions. The man of the house informed us of her having had nine or ten children by whoredom; and that, being at last married, her husband was more angry with her for hearing the word, than he would probably have been for committing adultery. Nor was her Minister displeased that she never came to church, but mightily strove to prevent both her and all the sinners of his parish from going to hear the Gospel. I observed also a beggar girl, seven or eight years old, who had scarce any clothes but a ragged piece of old rug. She too had felt the word of God as a two-edged sword, and mourned to be covered with Christ’s righteousness. “From Triplow I walked to Orwell, and thence to Everton, in weakness of body and heaviness of spirit. Mr. B. was preaching when I came in. Here God again refreshed my soul. I shook from head to foot, while tears of joy ran down my face, and my distress was at an end.

“Sat. 21. — I was troubled for some of our brethren, who began to doubt whether this was a work of God or of the devil; John Keeling in particular, who, instead of his frank, lively zeal, and happiness in God, was now filled with gloomy discontent, and grown dark, sullen, and reserved. As we were walking together, he told me it was his resolution to keep himself to himself; to let them who struggled so struggle as they would, and leave all those to themselves whom Satan cast into visions or trances, till Satan brought them out again. ‘But,’ he added, ‘I am so uneasy, I don’t know what to do; and most of our people begin to shun one another.’ The snare was now broken. He saw the delusion he had been in, and I trust will hereafter shun the troublers of Israel.

“Sun. 22. — The church was quite filled, and hundreds were without. And now the arrows of God flew abroad. The inexpressible groans, the lamenting, praying, roaring, were so loud, almost without intermission, that we who stood without could scarce help thinking all in the church were cut to the heart. But, upon inquiry, we found about two hundred persons, chiefly men, cried aloud for mercy; but many more were affected, perhaps as deeply, though in a calmer way.

“I rejoiced to see many from Cambridgeshire; particularly John Dennis, Thomas Skinner, and the sorrowful young woman with whom we had prayed on Shelford Moor. Now too came good news from several parts, especially Grandchester; where ten more persons were cut to the heart in singing hymns among themselves; and the little child before mentioned continues to astonish all the neighborhood. A noted Physician came some time ago, and closely examined her. The result was, he confessed it was no distemper of mind, but the hand of God.

“I sought for Thomas Skinner after Morning Service, and found him, with many more, singing hymns under a tree. When they stopped, I asked, ‘How do you find your mind now?’ Instead of speaking, he looked upon me with great steadiness, fetched a deep sigh, burst out into tears and prayers, and, throwing himself along on the ground, fell into more and more agony, till he roared aloud. I told him how great a sinner I had been; but the more I spoke, the more was he distressed. Wherefore John Dennis and I went to prayer for him; but his deliverance was not yet. Make him, O Lord, a greater champion for thy truth than ever he was against it! “Mr. B. preached in his close this afternoon, though in great bodily weakness: But when he is weakest, God so strengthens him, that it is surprising to what a distance his voice reaches. I have heard Mr. Whitefield speak as loud, but not with such a continued, strong, unbroken tenor.

“Mon. 23. — Mr. Keeling and I walked to Bedford. I was relating there how God had plucked such a brand as me out of the burning; but my voice was quickly stopped by rejoicing; and I have often found, that nothing I can say makes so much impression on myself or others, as thus repeating my own conversion.

“The first time I saw Mr. B. was June 2, 1758. But I scarce thought of him again till June 7, as I was walking up to Luton Down. There an awful sense of God’s presence fell upon me, and my voice grew louder and louder, in proportion to the joy of my soul, with a strong impulse to pray for the success of Mr. B.’s labors: And such a foresight did the Lord give me of what he was bringing to pass through his ministry, that I was quite overwhelmed for near an hour; till my voice was lost, and only tears remained. And O, how graciously has the God of truth accomplished all those things! With what delight hast Thou since caused me to walk round the walls of thy Sion, to mark well her bulwarks, and count the towers there of!”

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A few of us spoke freely and largely to a brother who had been “overtaken in a fault,” and endeavored to “restore him in the spirit of meekness:” And we were much comforted over him; having great hope that God would restore his usefulness, as well as his strength.

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I rode to Sheffield, and preached at one to a large and quiet congregation. I was afterward desired to visit Mr. Dodge, Curate of the new church. I found him on the brink of eternity, rejoicing in God his Savior. Thence I went on to Rotherham, and talked with five men and six women (as I had done with many others before in various places) who believe they are saved from sin. And this fact I believe, that they “rejoice ever more, pray without ceasing, and in every thing give thanks.” I believe they feel nothing but love now: What they will do, I leave to God.

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I preached at Gainsborough, in Sir Nevil Hickman’s great hall. It is full as large as the Weaver’s Hall, in Bristol. At two it was filled with a rude, wild multitude (a few of a better spirit excepted). Yet all but two or three gentlemen were attentive, while I enforced our Lord’s words, “What shall it profit a man, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?” I was walking back through a gaping, staring crowd, when Sir Nevil came and thanked me for my sermon, to the no small amazement of his neighbors, who shrunk back as if they had seen a ghost. Thence I rode to North Scarle, the last village in Lincolnshire, ten miles short of Newark. Here a great multitude assembled from various parts, most of them wholly unacquainted with the ways of God; indeed to such a degree, that though I spoke as plain as I could, on the first principles of religion, yet it seemed very many understood me no more, than if I was talking Greek. O what a condition is the bulk of Reformed Christians in to this day!

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As we took horse, the rain began, and accompanied us till we alighted in the evening. Sunday, 5, Between eight and nine I reached Everton, faint and weary enough. During the Prayers, as also during the sermon, and the administration of the sacrament, a few persons cried aloud; but it was not from sorrow or fear, but love and joy. The same I observed in several parts of the Afternoon Service. In the evening I preached in Mr. Hicks’ church. Two or three persons fell to the ground, and were extremely convulsed; but none cried out. One or two were filled with strong consolation.

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I talked largely with Ann Thorn, and two others, who had been several times in trances. What they all agreed in was,

1. That when they went away, as they termed it, it was always at the time they were fullest of the love of God:

2. That it came upon them in a moment, without any previous notice, and took away all their senses and strength:

3. That there were some exceptions; but in general, from that moment, they were in another world, knowing nothings of what was done or said, by all that were round about them.

About five in the afternoon I heard them singing hymns. Soon after, Mr. B. came up, and told me, Alice Miller (fifteen years old) was fallen into a trance. I went down immediately, and found her sitting on a stool, and leaning against the wall, with her eyes open and fixed upward. I made a motion as if going to strike; but they continued immovable. Her face showed an unspeakable mixture of reverence and love, while silent tears stole down her cheeks. Her lips were a little open, and sometimes moved, but not enough to cause any sound. I do not know whether I ever saw an human face look so beautiful: Sometimes it was covered with a smile, as from joy, mixing with love and reverence; but the tears fell still) though not so fast. Her pulse was quite regular. In about half an hour I observed her countenance change into the form of fear, pity, and distress; then she burst into a flood of tears, and cried out, “Dear Lord; they will be damned! They will all be damned!” But in about five minutes her smiles returned, and only love and joy appeared in her face. About half an hour after six I observed distress take place again; and soon after she wept bitterly, and cried out, “Dear Lord, they will go to hell! The world will go to hell!” Soon after, she said, “Cry aloud! Spare not!” And in a few moments her look was composed again, and spoke a mixture of reverence, joy, and love. Then she said aloud, “Give God the glory.” About seven her senses returned. I asked, “Where have you been?” — “I have been with my Savior.” “In heaven, or on earth?” — “I cannot tell; but I was in glory.” “Why then did you cry?” — “Not for myself, but for the world; for I saw they were on the brink of hell.” “Whom did you desire to give the glory to God?” — “Ministers that cry aloud to the world: Else they will be proud; and then God will leave them, and they will lose their own souls.” I preached at eight on, “The wicked shall be turned into hell, and all the people that forget God.” The whole congregation was earnestly attentive; but not above one or two cried out; and I did not observe any that fainted away, either then or in the morning. I have generally observed more or less of these outward symptoms to attend the beginning of a general work of God: So it was in New England, Scotland, Holland, Ireland, and many parts of England; but after a time they gradually decrease, and the work goes on more quietly and silently. Those whom it pleases God; to employ in his work, ought to be quite passive in this respect: They should choose nothing, but leave entirely to him all the circumstances of his own work.

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After preaching at four (because of the harvest) I took horse, and rode easily to London. Indeed I wanted a little rest; having rode, in seven months, above four and twenty hundred miles.

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Our Conference began, the time of which was almost entirely employed in examining whether the spirit and lives of our Preachers were suitable to their profession. On Saturday, in the afternoon, we concluded. Great was the unanimity and love that reigned among us; and if there were any who hoped or feared the contrary, they were happily disappointed.

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I was afraid to look forward to the work of the day, knowing my strength was not sufficient for it: But God looked to that; for though I was exceeding weak at Snowsfields in the morning, I was stronger at noon; and after preaching in the afternoon in the fields, and meeting the society, I felt no weakness at all.

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I took a little ride to Croydon, one of the seats of the Archbishops of Canterbury. Was it one of these who ordered, many years ago, (for the characters are of old standing,) that dreadful inscription to be placed just over the communion table? “And now, ye Priests, this commandment is for you. If ye will not hear, and if ye will not lay it to heart, to give glory unto my name, saith the Lord, I will even send a curse among you, and I will curse your blessings: Yea, I have cursed them already, because ye do not lay it to heart. Behold, I will corrupt your seed, and spread dung upon your faces, even the dung of your solemn feasts, and one shall take you away with it.”

The Archbishop’s palace is an ancient, venerable pile, and the gardens are extremely pleasant. The late Archbishop had improved them at a large expense; but continual illness prevented his enjoying them; till, after four years’ constant pain, he was called away, — one may hope to the garden of God.

I dined at Mr. B.’s, in Epsom, whose house and gardens lie in what was once a chalk pit. It is the most elegant spot I ever saw with my eyes; every thing, within doors and without, being finished in the most exquisite taste. Surely nothing on earth can be more delightful: O what will the possessor feel, when he cries out,

Must I then leave thee, Paradise? Then leave

These happy shades, and mansions fit for gods?

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I spent an hour pleasantly and profitably at — ‘s. How gracious is God, who still preserves him unconsumed in fire! How plain, that with God all things are possible! He can draw the sting either of wealth or death.

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I preached in the afternoon to an huge multitude in the fields, on, “Now God commandeth all men every where to repent.” Monday, 27. I rode to Bedford; and, about six, preached on St. Peter’s Green. None of the numerous congregation stood with their heads covered except the Germans. Blessed be God, that I have not so learned Christ! If they know no better, I cannot help it.

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I rode on to Mr. Berridge’s, at Everton; and in the evening went to the church, but unusually heavy, and hardly expecting to do any good there. I preached on those words in the Second Lesson, “We know that we are of God.” One sunk down, and another, and another. Some cried aloud in agony of prayer. I would willingly have spent some time in prayer with them; but my voice failed, so that I was obliged to conclude the service, leaving many in the church, crying and praying, but unable either to walk or stand. One young man, and one young woman, were brought with difficulty to Mr. B.’s house, and continued there in violent agonies, both of body and soul. When I came into the room, the woman lay quiet, wrestling with God in silent prayer. But even the bodily convulsions of the young man were amazing: The heavings of his breast were beyond description; I suppose, equal to the throes of a woman in travail. We called upon God, to relieve his soul and body: And both were perfectly healed. He rejoiced in God with joy unspeakable, and felt no pain, or weakness, or weariness. Presently after, the woman also was delivered, and arose, rejoicing in God her Savior.

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I rode to Lakenheath, and spoke exceeding plain to an honest drowsy people. Thursday, 30. I preached at the Tabernacle in Norwich, to a large, rude, noisy congregation. I took knowledge what manner of Teachers they had been accustomed to, and determined to mend them or end them. Accordingly, the next evening, after sermon, I reminded them of two things: The one, that it was not decent to begin talking aloud as soon as service was ended; and hurrying to and fro, as in a bear garden. The other, that it was a bad custom to gather into knots just after sermon, and turn a place of worship into a coffee house. I therefore desired, that none would talk under that roof, but go quietly and silently away. And on Sunday, SEPTEMBER 2, I had the pleasure to observe, that all went as quietly away, as if they had been accustomed to it for many years.

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I met the society at five, and explained the nature and use of meeting in a class. Upon inquiry, I found we have now about five hundred members. But an hundred and fifty of these do not pretend to meet at all. Of those, therefore, I make no account. They hang on but a single thread.

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I walked to Kemnal, nine miles from Norwich, and preached at one o’clock. The ringleader of the mob came with his horn, as usual, before I began, but one quickly catched and threw away his horn; and in a few minutes he was deserted by all his companions; who were seriously and deeply attentive to the great truth, “By grace ye are saved through faith.”

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I met the society at seven; and told them in plain terms, that they were the most ignorant, self conceited, self willed, fickle, untractable, disorderly, disjointed society, that I knew in the three kingdoms. And God applied it to their hearts: So that many were profited; but I do not find, that one was offended.

At ten we had another happy opportunity, and many stubborn hearts were melted down. Just at two the great congregation met, and the power of God was again present to heal: Though not so eminently as at five, while I was describing “the peace that passeth all understudying.” After preaching, I was desired to spend an hour with some whom I supposed to be of our own society. But I soon found my mistake: —

Sensim medios delapsus in hostes.¹

One in particular warmly told me, she could not like mine or Mr. Murlin’s doctrine: It always threw her into heaviness. But in dear Mr. Cudworth’s she could find comfort. I desired we might pray. God quickly answered for himself: Her heart was broke in pieces. She was filled with love, and grief, and shame; but could only tell it by her eyes and her tears. About this time I received a remarkable letter from abroad; an extract of which follows: —

“Berlin, August 26, 1759.

“GOD has again wrought publicly in this place, in the presence of many thousand people. A soldier of the King’s Guard was sentenced to be hanged for desertion and theft. He was a wretch abandoned to all manner of wickedness. General K — was much concerned for his soul. He earnestly desired me to take the charge of it, though we saw no prospect of success. I visited him the day he was condemned, being Thursday. He seemed quite careless and unconcerned. I endeavored to convince him of sin; but did not perceive any effect. I begged of him not to deceive his own soul, but to consider the condition he was in. On Friday this began to sink into his heart, and on Saturday much more. Perceiving this, I much insisted on those words: ‘This is a faithful saying, and worthy of all acceptation, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners.’ The effect was astonishing. He laid hold of them by faith, and not only his burden was gone, but he had such experience of the love of Christ as it is impossible to describe: His peace, triumph, and joy increased every hour, till the night before his execution; and indeed were never more observable than when he was brought out of prison. In his way to the place of execution he praised God for dragging him, as it were, with chains to heaven. ‘What!’ said he, ‘will God, after all my hellish actions, give me eternal life into the bargain?’ The efficacy of the blood and death of Christ being made known to him by the Holy Ghost, he spoke of nothing but his wedding day, which was to be this 13th of August. Every one that looked upon him was struck. Officers and all were moved. Being entered into the ring, I once more prayed with him, and gave him the last blessing. But the very instant he was to be turned off, Colonel H. called out, ‘Pardon!’ I was thunderstruck, and Mittelstadt protested, it was to him like a ball shot through his body. He fainted away for some time. Being recovered, his first words were, ‘Why was I not rather hanged, or even crucified, than pardoned? Why am I thus stopped in my course? I should now have been with Christ!’ I was myself more afraid of him now than ever. But the grace of God was strong in his soul. And ever since it has continued the same. Yesterday I was informed by one who went on purpose to inquire, that his whole employ during his confinement (which is to continue six months) is reading, praying, and comforting himself with the blood of Christ.”

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We took horse at half hour after four. Before eight it was as warm as it is usually at Midsummer. And from ten we had the sun in our face all the way to Colchester. But we had the wind in our face too, or the heat would have been insupportable. I was in a fever from the moment I came into the house. But it did not hinder me from preaching on the Green, and afterwards meeting the society. I then lay down as soon as possible, but could not sleep a quarter of an hour, till between two and three in the morning. I do not know that I have lost a night’s sleep before, sick or well, since I was six years old. But it is all one: God is able to give strength, either with sleep or without it. I rose at my usual time, and preached at five, without any faintness or drowsiness.

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We set out between four and five, and rode to Dunmow, about four and twenty miles. But here we were at a full stop. None could direct us any farther. So we were to cross the country as well as we could. But whenever we were at a loss (eight or ten times) we met someone to help us out. So about half an hour past one we were come within sixteen miles of Sundon.

An honest blunderer then undertook to direct us a nearer way. By his help we wandered up and down, till our sixteen miles grew into six and twenty. However, we got to Sundon before seven, where a considerable number of people soon met; to whom I explained (what they seemed to know very little of) “the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ.”

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I returned to London. Saturday, 15. Having left orders for the immediate repairing of West street chapel, I went to see what they had done, and saw cause to praise God for this also. The main timbers were so rotten, that in many places one might thrust his fingers into them. So that probably, had we delayed till spring, the whole building must have fallen to the ground.

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I went to Canterbury. Two hundred soldiers, I suppose, and a whole row of Officers, attended in the evening. Their number was increased the next evening, and all behaved as men fearing God.

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I preached at Dover, in the new Room, which is just finished. Here also the hearers increase, some of whom are convinced, and others comforted daily. Thursday, 20. I strongly applied at Canterbury, to the soldiers in particular, “He that hath the Son hath life, and he that hath not the Son of God hath not life.” The next day, in my return to London, I read Mr. Huygens’s “Conjectures on the Planetary World.” He surprised me. I think he clearly proves that the moon is not habitable: That there are neither

Rivers nor mountains on her spotty globe:

That there is no sea, no water on her surface, nor any atmosphere: And hence he very rationally infers, that “neither are any of the secondary planets inhabited.” And who can prove that the primary are? I know the earth is. Of the rest I know nothing.

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A vast majority of the immense congregation in Moorfields were deeply serious. One such hour might convince any impartial man of the expediency of field preaching. What building, except St. Paul’s church, would contain such a congregation? And if it would, what human voice could have reached them there? By repeated observations I find I can command thrice the number in the open air, that I can under a roof. And who can say the time for field preaching is over, while,

1. Greater numbers than ever attend:

2. The converting, as well as convincing, power of God is eminently present with them?

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I preached about eight at Brentford; and in the evening at Basingstoke, to a people slow of heart and dull of understanding. Tuesday,

25. I preached in the new House at Whitchurch; and at Salisbury in the evening. The new Room there is, I think, the most complete in England. It strikes every one of any taste that sees it; not with any single part, but an inexpressible something in the whole.

The militia from Hampshire being in town, a large number of them were at the preaching. But it was as music to an horse; such brutish behavior have I seldom seen. The next evening they behaved, if possible, worse than before. However, many of them, I believe, were struck; for they came again in the morning, and then appeared to be of quite another spirit, earnestly attending to what was spoken. Thursday, 27. I had appointed to preach at seven in the evening at Bradford. But when I came, I found Mr. Hart was to preach at six. So I delayed till the Church Service was ended; that there might not appear (at least on my part) even the shadow of opposition between us.

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I reached Bristol. Sunday, 30. The weather being fair and calm, I preached in the new Square, for the sake of many people who do not choose to come to the Room. My text was, “him that cometh unto me, I will in no wise cast out.” I believe many found desires of coming to him O that they may be brought to good effect!

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All my leisure time during my stay at Bristol, I employed in finishing the fourth volume of “Discourses;” probably the last which I shall publish. Monday, 15. I walked up to Knowle, a mile from Bristol, to see the French prisoners. Above eleven hundred of them, we were informed, were confined in that little place without any thing to lie on but a little dirty straw, or any thing to cover them but a few foul thin rags, either by day or night, so that they died like rotten sheep. I was much affected, and preached in the evening on, (Exodus 23:9,) “Thou shalt not oppress a stranger; for ye know the heart of a stranger, seeing ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.” Eighteen pounds were contributed immediately, which were made up four and twenty the next day. With this I’ve bought linen and woolen cloth, which were made up into shirts, waistcoats, and breeches. Some dozen of stockings were added; all which were carefully distributed, where there was the greatest want. Presently after, the Corporation of Bristol sent a large quantity of mattresses and blankets. And it was not long before contributions were set on foot at London, and in various parts of the kingdom; so that I believe from this time they were pretty well provided with all the necessaries of life.

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I left Bristol, and having preached at Shepton, Coleford, Frome, and Salisbury in my way, on Thursday, 25, determined to try if I could do any good at Andover. The congregation at ten in the morning was small; in the evening their number was increased, and I think some of them went away crying out, “God be merciful to me a sinner!”

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I rode to Basingstoke. I was extremely tired when I came in, but much less so after preaching. I then sent to inquire if there was a vacant place in any of the coaches which were going to London the next day; but they were all full; and I had promised to send back my mare to Bristol. The only way that remained was, to take Joseph Jones’s horse, and let him ride behind one of the coaches. So I ordered the horse to be brought soon after four in the morning, and was waiting for the coach, when a post chaise drove by. I rode close after it, though it was so dark, I could not see my horse’s head; but I could hear, which was enough. About day-break, it drove away; but then I could see the road. It rained without intermission, from the time I took horse, till I came to the Foundery; so that I was wet through a great part of the day. But it did me no hurt at all.

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I found the ancient spirit in the congregation, both at Spitalfields and the Foundery. Tuesday, 30. I preached at Deptford, and rejoiced to find an increasing work there also. Wednesday and Thursday I spent in revising and perfecting a “Treatise on Electricity.” Friday, NOVEMBER 2. I spent an hour with that miracle of mercy, Miss ——; a clear proof that God can, even without external means, preserve a bush in the midst of the fire.

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As I was applying those words, “They neither marry, nor are given in marriage: Neither can they die any more; for they are equal to angels;” the power of God fell upon the congregation in a very uncommon manner. How seasonable! O how does God sweeten whatever cross we bear for his sake!

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I talked with J—— D——, a gentleman’s coachman, an uncommon monument of mercy. Last year he was a violent persecutor of the truth, and of his wife for the sake of it. But the second or third time he heard for himself, he was thoroughly convinced. Soon after he entered into the society, and in six weeks found peace with God. Yet his natural tempers quickly revived, which made him restless after a thorough change. In spring this restlessness so increased, that he was crying to God day and night, till on Sunday, May 27, he was utterly broken in pieces, and ready to cast away the hope of it. But just as he received the bread in the Lord’s Supper, the love of God filled his heart; and from that moment he had no doubt, but has continued always rejoicing, always praying, and praising God.

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I spent an hour agreeably and profitably with Lady G—— H——, and Sir C—— H——. It is well a few of the rich and noble are called. O that God would increase their number! But I should rejoice, (were it the will of God,) if it were done by the ministry of others. If I might choose, I should still (as I have done hitherto) preach the Gospel to the poor.

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I spent an hour with Mr. B., who has escaped from Guadaloupe, as with the skin of his teeth. He informed me that all the water they had in the voyage, stunk intolerably; that the biscuit was full of maggots; and the beef mere carrion; so that none could bear to stand near a cask when it was opened. What wonder that the poor men died in troops! Who shall answer for their blood?

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I took horse between six and seven, in one of the coldest mornings I ever remember. We reached St. Alban’s without much difficulty; but then the roads were all covered with snow. However, there was a beaten path, though slippery enough, till we turned into the by road to Sundon. What we could have done there I cannot tell, for the snow lay deeper and deeper, had not a wagon gone awhile before us, and marked the way for six miles, to Mr. Cole’s gate.

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The roads were so extremely slippery, it was with much difficulty we reached Bedford. We had a pretty large congregation; but the stench from the swine under the Room was scarce supportable. Was ever a preaching place over a hog sty before? Surely they love the Gospel, who come to hear it in such a place.

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We rode to Everton; Mr. Berridge being gone to preach before the University at Cambridge. Many people came to his house in the evening, and it was a season of great refreshment.

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I was a little afraid my strength would not suffice for reading Prayers and preaching, and administering the Lord’s Supper alone, to a large number of communicants; but all was well. Mr. Hicks began his own Service early, and came before I had ended my sermon. So we finished the whole before two, and I had time to breathe before the Evening Service. In the afternoon God was eminently present with us, though rather to comfort than convince. But I observed a remarkable difference since I was here before, as to the manner of the work. None now were in trances, none cried out, none fell down or were convulsed: Only some trembled exceedingly, a low murmur was heard, and many were refreshed with the multitude of peace.

The danger was, to regard extraordinary circumstances too much, such as outcries, convulsions, visions, trances; as if these were essential to the inward work, so that it could not go on without them. Perhaps the danger is, to regard them too little, to condemn them altogether; to imagine they had nothing of God in them, and were an hindrance to his work. Whereas the truth is,

1. God suddenly and strongly convinced many that they were lost sinners; the natural consequence whereof were sudden outcries and strong bodily convulsions:

2. To strengthen and encourage them that believed, and to make his work more apparent, he favored several of them with divine dreams, others with trances and visions:

3. In some of these instances, after a time, nature mixed with grace:

4. Satan likewise mimicked this work of God, in order to discredit the whole work: And yet it is not wise to give up this part, any more than to give up the whole.

At first it was, doubtless, wholly from God. It is partly so at this day; and he will enable us to discern how far, in every case, the work is pure, and where it mixes or degenerates.

Let us even suppose that in some few cases there was a mixture of dissimulation; that persons pretended to see or feel what they did not, and imitated the cries or convulsive motions of those who were really overpowered by the Spirit of God: Yet even this should not make us either deny or undervalue the real work of the Spirit. The shadow is no disparagement of the substance, nor the counterfeit of the real diamond. We may further suppose, that Satan will make these visions an occasion of pride: But what can be inferred from hence? Nothing, but that we should guard against it; that we should diligently exhort all to be little in their own eyes, knowing that nothing avails with God but humble love. But still, to slight or censure visions in general, would be both irrational and unchristian.

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In the evening I preached in Mr. Hicks’ church, at Wrestlingworth, and at ten the next morning. The people were deeply attentive, but none were so affected as when I was here last. In the evening Mr. B. returned from preaching before the University. In the midst of the sermon, he informed me, one person cried out aloud, but was silent in a few moments. Several dropped down, but made no noise; and the whole congregation, young and old, behaved with seriousness. God is strong as well as wise: Who knows what work he may have to do here also?

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I returned to London; and on Thursday, 29, the day appointed for the General Thanksgiving, I preached again in the chapel near the Seven Dials, both morning and afternoon. I believe the oldest man in England has not seen a thanksgiving day so observed before. It had the solemnity of the General Fast. All the shops were shut up: The people in the streets appeared, one and all, with an air of seriousness: The Prayers, Lessons, and whole Public Service were admirably suited to the occasion. The prayer for our enemies, in particular, was extremely striking: Perhaps it is the first instance of the kind in Europe. There was no noise, hurry, bonfires, fireworks in the evening; and no public diversions. This is indeed a Christian holiday, a “rejoicing unto the Lord.” The next day came the news that Sir Edward Hawke had dispersed the French fleet.

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I had, for the first time, a love, feast for the whole society. Wednesday, 12. I began reading over the Greek Testament and the Notes, with my brother and several others; carefully comparing the translation with the original, and correcting or enlarging the notes as we saw occasion.

The same day I spent part of the afternoon in the British Museum. There is a large library, a great number of curious manuscripts, many uncommon monuments of antiquity, and the whole collection of shells, butterflies, beetles, grasshoppers, etc., which the indefatigable Sir Hans Sloane, with such vast expense and labor, procured in a life of fourscore years.

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I was at a Christian wedding, to which were invited only two or three relations, and five Clergymen, who spent part of the afternoon in a manner suitable to the solemn occasion.

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I was desired to read over a Chancery Bill. The occasion of it was this: — A. B. tells C. D. that one who owed him thirty pounds wanted to borrow thirty more; and asked whether he thought the eighth part of such a ship, then at sea, was sufficient security. He said he thought it was. On this A. B. lent the money. The ship came home: But, through various accidents, the eighth part yielded only twenty pounds. A. B. on this commenced a suit, to make C. D. pay him the residue of his money. This worthy story is told in no less than an hundred and ten sheets of paper! C. D. answers, he advised to the best of his judgment; not foreseeing those accidents whereby the share which cost two hundred pounds yielded no more than twenty. This answer brought on fifteen sheets of exceptions, all which a quarter of a sheet might have contained. I desired the plaintiff and defendant to meet me the next day; both of whom were willing to stand to arbitration: And they readily agreed that C. D. should pay half his own costs, and A. B. the rest of the expense.

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I inquired into the particulars of a very remarkable story: — A ship, laden with wheat, and having no other ballast, about one in the morning on Sunday, November 18, the wind blowing hard, shifted her cargo, and in half an hour sunk. Mr. Austin, the Mate, leaped off her side, as she sunk; and, being an excellent swimmer, kept above water till he saw something floating toward him, which proved to be the capstern of the ship. He got upon it; and, although washed off several times, yet still recovered his seat, and floated all day and all the following night. But on Monday morning he was quite exhausted, and faint almost to death, with thirst; having,, swallowed abundance of salt water. In this extremity he saw some apples floating toward him. He took up three, ate them, and was much strengthened. About noon Admiral Saunders’ fleet came in sight; one of whose ships saw, and took him up. He could not stand; but being blooded, and put into a warm bed, and fed with small broth, a spoonful or two at a time, he recovered strength apace, and in a few days was as well as ever.

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I went to Colchester, and on Sunday, 23, preached in the shell of the new House. It is twelve square, and is the best building, of the size, for the voice, that I know in England. Monday, 24. We did not set out till after seven, intending to ride about forty miles. But coming to Schole Inn before three, we pushed on, and before seven came safe to Norwich.

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I began visiting the society, and found the greater part much changed from what they were a year ago. They are indeed fewer in number, but are now of a teachable spirit, willing to be advised, or even reproved: And if two hundred of this spirit remain, they are worth all our labor.

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