1777

We met, as usual, to renew our covenant with God. It was a solemn season, wherein many found his power present to heal, and were enabled to urge their way with strength renewed.

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I began expounding, in order, the book of Ecclesiastes. I never before had so clear a sight either of the meaning or the beauties of it. Neither did I imagine that the several parts of it were in so exquisite a manner connected together; all tending to prove that grand truth, — that there is no happiness out of God.

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I looked over the manuscripts of that great and good man, Charles Perronet. I did not think he had so deep communion with God. I know exceeding few that equal him; and had he had an University education, there would have been few finer writers in England.

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I took the opportunity of spending an hour every morning with the Preachers, as I did with my pupils at Oxford. And we endeavored not only to increase each other’s knowledge, but “to provoke one another to love and to good works.”

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I began visiting those of our society who lived in Bethnal-Green hamlet. Many of them I found in such poverty as few can conceive without seeing it. O why do not all the rich that fear God constantly visit the poor? Can they spend part of their spare time better? Certainly not. So they will find in that day when “every man shall receive his own reward according to his own labor.”

Such another scene I saw the next day, in visiting another part of the society. I have not found any such distress, no, not in the prison of Newgate. One poor man was just creeping out of his sickbed, to his ragged wife and three little children; who were more than half naked and the very picture of famine; when one bringing in a loaf of bread, they all ran, seized upon it, and tore it in pieces in an instant. Who would not rejoice that there is another world?

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Mrs. T. gave us a remarkable account: — On Saturday, the 11th instant, her little boy, a child of eminent piety, between five and six years old, gave up his spirit to God. She was saying to one in the house, “My son is gone to glory.” A youth standing by, cried out, “But I am going to hell.” He continued praying all Sunday and Monday; but in utter despair. On Tuesday he found a hope of mercy, which gradually increased. The next morning he rejoiced with joy unspeakable, knowing his sins were blotted out; and soon after Henry Terry (the son of many tears to his poor mother) slept in peace.

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I dined at Mr. A.’s. A month or two ago he had a trial worthy of a Christian. He saw his little son (between four and five years old) crushed to death in a moment. But he did not murmur: He could say, “The Lord gave, and the Lord hath taken away.”

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I preached again at Allhallows church, morning and afternoon. I found great liberty of spirit; and the congregation seemed to be much affected. How is this? Do I yet please men? Is the offense of the Cross ceased? It seems, after being scandalous near fifty years, I am at length growing into an honorable man!

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I had a visit from Mr. B——, grown an old, feeble, decrepit man; hardly able to face a puff of wind, or to creep up and down stairs! Such is the fruit of cooping one’s self in a house, of sitting still day after day!

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Hearing there was some disturbance at Bristol, occasioned by men whose tongues were set on fire against the Government, I went down in the diligence, and on Tuesday evening strongly enforced those solemn words, “Put them in mind to be subject to principalities and powers, to speak evil of no man.” I believe God applied his word, and convinced many that they had been out of their way. Finding the repeated attempts to set fire to the city had occasioned a general consternation, on Wednesday, 5, I opened and applied those words to a crowded audience, “Is there any evil in the city, and the Lord hath not done it?” On Thursday I wrote “A calm Address to the Inhabitants of England.” May God bless this, as he did the former, to the quenching of that evil fire which is still among us! On Saturday I returned to London.

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At the third message, I took up my cross, and went to see Dr. Dodd, in the Compter. I was greatly surprised. He seemed, though deeply affected, yet thoroughly resigned to the will of God. Mrs. Dodd likewise behaved with the utmost propriety. I doubt not, God will bring good out of this evil. Tuesday, 18. I visited him again, and found him still in a desirable state of mind: calmly giving himself up to whatsoever God should determine concerning him.

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I was desired to see one that, after she had been filled with peace and joy in believing, was utterly distracted. I soon found it was a merely natural case; a temporary disorder common to women at that period of life.

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I spent an agreeable hour with Dr. C——s, a deeply serious man, who would fain reconcile the Arminians and Calvinists. Nay, but he must first change their hearts.

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Being a warm sunshiny day, I preached in Moorfields, in the evening. There were thousands upon thousands; and all were still as night. Not only violence and rioting, but even scoffing at field-Preachers is now over.

Today I received from an eye-witness a particular account of a late remarkable occurrence. Captain Bell, a most amiable man, beloved of all that knew him, and just engaged to one which he tenderly loved, sailed from England last autumn. On September 20 he was hailed by the Hawke, a small sloop, Captain Arthur Crawford, Commander, who told him he came from Halifax, in His Majesty’s service, cruising for American privateers. Captain Bell invited him to breakfast, entertained him with all kindness, and made him some little presents: But on his cursing and swearing at the Americans, mildly reproved him, and he desisted. Mr. M’Aness, the Supercargo, seeing him walk round the ship, and diligently observe everything in it, told Captain Bell, “Be upon your guard, this is certainly an enemy!” But the Captain answered, “It cannot be; no man can act so base a part.”

Captain Crawford returned to his own ship, and sailing under the stern of the other, while Captain Bell and some others were standing on the quarter-deck, ordered his men to fire at him. They did so, and shot him in the belly, so that his bowels came out. But he did not fall. He ordered them to fire again: He fell; and while his men were carrying him away, Crawford took the vessel.

Captain Bell being convened into the cabin, sent and desired to speak with Captain Crawford: But he would not come. He then desired to speak with his own sailors, one by one. One of them saying, “Sir, you have been basely murdered,” he replied, “Love your enemies; pray for them that despitefully use you. What are our sufferings to those which our Lord endured for us?” He then desired the account which St. John gives of our Lord’s sufferings to be read to him. He desired his love to all that loved the Lord Jesus; particularly to her he was about to marry. Then bidding them all farewell, he died in peace, about two hours after he received the second shot.

But what did Captain Crawford do amiss? Have not the English also taken American ships by surprise? Yes; but not with such circumstances. For,

1. He hoisted no colors, nor ever summoned the ship to yield:

2. He fired on men who thought nothing of the matter, and pointed the men to Captain Bell in particular.

So it was a deliberate murder. Such is the mercy, such the gratitude, of American rebels!

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In the evening I preached at Reading. How many years were we beating the air at this town! Stretching out our hands to a people as stupid as oxen! But it is not so at present. That generation is passed away, and their children are of a more excellent spirit. After preaching at Newborne and Ramsbury in the way, on Wednesday, 12, I went on to Bristol.

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I preached at St. Werburgh’s, the first church I ever preached in at Bristol. I had desired my friends not to come thither, but to leave room for strangers. By this means the church was well filled, but not over much crowded; which gives occasion to them that seek occasion, as it is a real inconvenience to the parishioners.

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I preached at Bath. I often wonder at this, — Our chapel stands in the midst of all the sinners, and yet, going or coming to it, I never heard an immodest word, but prayers and blessings in abundance.

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I preached at St. Ewin’s church, but not upon Justification by Faith. I do not find this to be a profitable subject to an unawakened congregation. I explained here, and strongly applied, that awful word, “It is appointed unto men once to die.”

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I left Bristol, and preaching at Ramsbury, Witney, Oxford, and High-Wycomb, in my way, on Thursday came to London; whence I cannot be long absent while the new chapel is building. Friday, 28. I received an affectionate message from a great man. — But I shall not wonder if the wind changes.

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Easter-day was a solemn and comfortable day, wherein God was remarkably present with his people. During the Octave I administered the Lord’s Supper every morning, after the example of the Primitive Church. Sunday, APRIL 6. I began a journey through some of our societies, to desire their assistance towards the expense of the new chapel. I preached at Birmingham on Monday, 7; in Congleton, on Tuesday; and on Wednesday went on to Macelesfield. The new church here is far the most elegant that I have seen in the kingdom. Mr. Simpson read Prayers, and I preached on the first verse of the Second Lesson, Hebrews 11: And I believe many felt their want of the faith there spoken of. The next evening I preached on Hebrews 12:14: “Without holiness no man shall see the Lord.” I was enabled to make a close application, chiefly to those that expected to be saved by faith. I hope none of them will hereafter dream of going to heaven by any faith which does not produce holiness.

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I preached at Stockport about ten, and at Manchester in the evening. Monday, 14. I preached about noon at Warrington, and in the evening at Liverpool; where many large ships are now laid up in the docks, which had been employed for many years in buying or stealing poor Africans, and selling them in America for slaves. The men-butchers have now nothing to do at this laudable occupation. Since the American war broke out, there is no demand for human cattle. So the men of Africa, as well as Europe, may enjoy their native liberty.

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About noon I preached at Wigan; in the evening, at the new House in Bolton, crowded within and without, on the “wise man” who “built his house upon a rock.” Many here are following his example, and continually increasing both in the knowledge and love of God.

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I called upon Mr. Barker, at Little-Leigh, just tottering over the great gulf. Being straitened for time, I rode from thence to Chester. I had not for some years rode so far on horseback, but it did me no hurt. After preaching, I took chaise, and came to Middlewich, a little before the Liverpool coach, in which I went on to London.

I have now finished Dr. Gell’s “Essay toward an Amendment of the last Translation of the Bible.” This part only takes in the Pentateuch; but many other texts are occasionally explained. Surely he was a man mighty in the Scriptures, and well acquainted with the work of God in the soul: And he plainly shows that the Antinomians and Anti-Perfectionists were just the same then, as they are now.

Monday, 21, was the day appointed for laying the foundation of the new chapel. The rain befriended us much, by keeping away thousands who purposed to be there. But there were still such multitudes, that it was with great difficulty I got through them to lay the first stone. Upon this was a plate of brass, (covered with another stone,) on which was engraved, “This was laid by Mr. John Wesley, on APRIL 1, 1777.” Probably this will be seen no more, by any human eye; but will remain there, till the earth and the works thereof are burned up.

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The sun breaking out, I snatched the opportunity of preaching to many thousands in Moorfields. All were still as night, while I showed how “the Son of God was manifested to destroy the works of the devil.”

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At one I took coach, and on Wednesday evening preached at Newcastle-upon-Tyne. I love our brethren in the southern counties; but still I find few among them that have the spirit of our northern societies.

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I went to Sunderland, and strongly enforced, “Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar’s.”

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Having finished my business in these parts, I set my face southward again; and after preaching at Durham, about eleven went on to Darlington. I have not lately found so lively a work in any part of England as here. The society is constantly increasing, and seems to be all on fire for God. There is nothing among them but humble, simple love; no dispute, no jar of any kind. They exactly answer the description that David Brainerd gives of his Indian congregation. I particularly desired both the Preachers and Leaders to have an especial care over them, and, if possible, to prevent either the devil or his agents from poisoning their simplicity. Many of them already know, that “the blood of Jesus Christ” hath “cleansed them from all sin.”

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I went to Yarm. There I found a lovely young woman, in the last stage of a consumption; but such a one as I never read of, nor heard any Physician speak of, but Dr. Wilson. The seat of the ulcers is not in the lungs, but the wind-pipe. I never yet knew it cured. My housekeeper died of it last year. This young woman died in a few weeks.

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About eleven I preached at Osmotherley. I found my old friend Mr. Watson, who first brought me into this country, was just dead, after living a recluse life near fifty years. From one that attended him, I learned, that the sting of death was gone, and he calmly delivered up his soul to God.

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I went to Malton, hoping to meet Miss R——y there: But instead of her, I found a letter which informed me that she was on the brink of the grave; but added, “Surely my Lord will permit me to see you once more in the body.” I would not disappoint the congregation; but as soon as I had done preaching, set out, and about four in the morning came to Otley. I minutely inquired into the circumstances of her illness. She is dropped suddenly into the third stage of a consumption, having one or more ulcers in her lungs, spitting blood, having a continual pain in her breast, and a constant hectic fever, which disables her from either riding on horseback, or bearing the motion of a carriage. Meantime, she breathes nothing but praise and love. Short-lived flower, and ripe for a better soil!

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After travelling between ninety and a hundred miles, I came back to Malton; and, having rested an hour, went on to Scarborough, and preached in the evening. But the flux which I had had for a few days so increased, that at first I found it difficult to speak. Yet the longer I spoke the stronger I grew. Is not God a present help?

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I experienced a second time what one calls, febris ex insolatione.¹ The day was cold; but the sun shone warm on my back, as I sat in the window. In less than half an hour I began to shiver, and soon after had a strong fit of an ague. I directly lay down between blankets, and drank largely of warm lemonade. In ten minutes the hot fit came on, and quickly after I fell asleep. Having slept half an hour, I rose up and preached. Afterwards I met the society; and I found no want of strength, but was just as well at the end as at the beginning.

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I preached at Bridlington; Tuesday, 13 in the morning at Beverley; and in the evening at Hull, on, “Narrow is the way that leadeth unto life.” And yet, blessed be God, there are thousands walking in it now, who a few years since thought nothing about it.

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At eleven I preached at Pocklington, with an eye to the death of that lovely woman, Mrs. Cross. A gay young gentleman, with a young lady, stepped in, stayed five minutes, and went out again, with as easy an unconcern as if they had been listening to a ballad-singer. I mentioned to the congregation the deep folly and ignorance implied in such behavior. These pretty fools never thought that for this very opportunity they are to give an account before men and angels!

In the evening I preached at York. I would gladly have rested the next day, feeling my breast much out of order. But notice having been given of my preaching at Tadcaster, I set out at nine in the morning. About ten the chaise broke down. I borrowed a horse; but as he was none of the easiest, in riding three miles I was so thoroughly electrified, that the pain in my breast was quite cured. I preached in the evening at York; on Friday took the diligence; and on Saturday afternoon came to London. May 18. — (Being Whit-Sunday.) Our Service at the Foundery began as usual at four. I preached in West-Street chapel in the forenoon; and at the Foundery in the evening. In the afternoon I buried the body of Joseph Guildford, a holy man, and a useful Preacher. Surely never before did a man of so weak talents do so much good! He died, as he lived, in the full triumph of faith, vehemently rejoicing and praising God.

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I met the Committee for building, which indeed was my chief business at London. We consulted together on several articles, and were confidently persuaded, that He who had incited us to begin, would enable us to finish.

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My brother and I paid another visit to Dr. Dodd, and spent a melancholy and useful hour. He appears, so far as man can judge, to be a true, evangelical penitent.

To ease my journey, I went to Stevenage on Sunday evening. Monday, 26. I went on to Witham-Common; and on Tuesday reached Sheffield. The next day I went to Leeds; and, after preaching in the evening, pushed on to Otley. Here I found E—— R—— weaker and happier than ever. Her life seemed spun out to the last thread. I spent half an hour with her, to Teach her, at once, and learn of her, to die.

I then rested two or three hours; and took chaise at two, on Thursday, 29, hoping to reach Whitehaven in the evening; but I could only get to Cockermouth. Friday, 30. I went on to Whitehaven, where I found a little vessel waiting for me. After preaching in the evening, I went on board about eight o’clock, and before eight in the morning landed at Douglas, in the Isle of Man.

Douglas exceedingly resembles Newlyn in Cornwall; both in its situation, form, and buildings; only it is much larger, and has a few houses equal to most in Penzance. As soon as we landed, I was challenged by Mr. Booth, who had seen me in Ireland, and whose brother has been for many years a member of the society in Coolylough. A chaise was provided to carry me to Castletown. I was greatly surprised at the country. All the way from Douglas to Castletown it is as pleasant and as well cultivated as most parts of England, with many gentlemen’s seats. Castletown a good deal resembles Galway; only it is not so large. At six I preached near the Castle, I believe, to all the inhabitants of the town. Two or three gay young women showed they knew nothing about religion; all the rest were deeply serious. Afterwards I spent an hour very agreeably at Mrs. Wood’s, the widow of the late Governor. I was much pressed to stay a little longer at Castletown; but my time was fixed.

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At six I preached in our own Room; and, to my surprise, saw all the gentlewomen there. Young as well as old were now deeply affected, and would fain have had me stayed, were it but an hour or two; but I was forced to hasten away, in order to be at Peeltown before the Service began.

Mr. Corbett said, he would gladly have asked me to preach, but that the Bishop had forbidden him; who had also forbidden all his Clergy to admit any Methodist Preacher to the Lord’s Supper. But is any Clergyman obliged, either in law or conscience, to obey such a prohibition? By no means. The will even of the King does not bind any English subject, unless it be seconded by an express law. How much less the will of a Bishop? “But did not you take an oath to obey him?” No, nor any Clergyman in the three kingdoms. This is a mere vulgar error. Shame that it should prevail almost universally.

As it rained, I retired after Service into a large malt-house. Most of the congregation followed, and devoured the word. It being fair in the afternoon, the whole congregation stopped in the church-yard; and the word of God was with power. It was a happy opportunity.

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The greater part of them were present at five in the morning. A more loving, simple-hearted people than this I never saw. And no wonder; for they have but six Papists, and no Dissenters, in the island. It is supposed to contain near thirty thousand people, remarkably courteous and humane. Ever since smuggling was suppressed, they diligently cultivate their land: And they have a large herring fishery, so that the country improves daily.

The old Castle at Peel (as well as the cathedral built within it) is only a heap of ruins. It was very large and exceeding strong, with many brass guns; but they are now removed to England.

I set out for Douglas in the one-horse chaise, Mrs. Smyth riding with me. In about an hour, in spite of all I could do, the headstrong horse ran the wheel against a large stone: The chaise overset in a moment; but we fell so gently on smooth grass, that neither of us was hurt at all. In the evening I preached at Douglas to near as large a congregation as that at Peel, but not near so serious. Before ten we went on board, and about twelve on Tuesday, 3, landed at Whitehaven. I preached at five in the afternoon; and hastening to Cockermouth, found a large congregation waiting in the Castle-yard. Between nine and ten I took chaise; and about ten on Wednesday, 4, reached Settle. In the evening I preached near the market-place, and all but two or three gentlefolks were seriously attentive.

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About noon I came to Otley, and found E—— R—— just alive, but all alive to God. In the evening it seemed as if the departing saint had dropped her mantle upon the congregation; such an awe was upon them, while I explained and applied, “They were all filled with the Holy Ghost.”

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I preached at Bradford, where a blessed work has increased ever since William Brammah was here. “Hath not God chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise?”

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About one I took my stand at Birstal: Thousands upon thousands filled the vale and the side of the hill; and all, I found, could hear. Such another multitude assembled near Huddersfield in the evening. Many of these had never heard a Methodist Preacher before; yet they all behaved well.

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I spent one hour more at Otley. Spectaculum Deo dignum!¹ I have not before seen so triumphant an instance of the power of faith. Though in constant pain, she has no complaint: So does the glory of God overshadow her, and swallow up her will in his! She is indeed All praise, all meekness, and all love.

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I had appointed to preach in the new preaching-house at Colne. Supposing it would be sufficiently crowded, I went a little before the time; so that the galleries were but half full when I came into the pulpit. Two minutes after, the whole left-hand gallery fell at once, with a hundred and fifty or two hundred persons. Considering the height, and the weight of people, one would have supposed many lives would have been lost. But I did not hear of one. Does not God give his angels charge over them that fear him? When the hurry was a little over, I went into the adjoining meadow, and quietly declared the whole counsel of God. On Thursday and Friday I preached at Halifax, Daw-Green, Horbury, and Wakefield. On Saturday I wrote “Thoughts upon God’s Sovereignty.” To a cool man, I think the whole matter will appear to rest on a single point: — As Creator, he could not but act according to his own sovereign will: But as Governor he acts, not as a mere Sovereign, but according to justice and mercy.

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I met the class of children at Rothwell. This consisted last year of eleven young maidens. They are increased to twenty. I think, seventeen or eighteen of them are now rejoicing in the love of God. And their whole behavior is suitable thereto, adorning the doctrine of God our Savior.

Afterwards I went on to Rotherham, and was glad to find, that the society is not discouraged by the death of that good man, William Green, who had been as a father to them from the beginning. He never started either at labor or suffering; but went on calm and steady, trusting God with himself and his eight children, even while all the waves and storms went over him. He died, as he lived, in the full assurance of faith, praising God with his latest breath.

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I preached in the market-place at Chesterfield, on, “It is appointed unto men once to die.” Although the congregation was numerous, yet I did not observe any either trifling or inattentive hearers. In the evening I preached at Derby. It was supposed the people would be afraid to come, as part of the roof had lately fallen in. (Indeed it fell an hour before the congregation met: Otherwise many must have been hurt.) But they were not afraid: The House was well filled: And even the rich attended with seriousness.

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I preached at Nottingham, to a serious, loving congregation. There is something in the people of this town, which I cannot but much approve of; although most of our society are of the lower class, chiefly employed in the stocking-manufacture, yet there is generally an uncommon gentleness and sweetness in their temper, and something of elegance in their behavior, which, when added to solid, vital religion, make them an ornament to their profession.

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I did not reach Leicester till the congregation had waited some time: So I began immediately to enforce, “Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved.” I had designed not to call here at all, supposing it would be lost labor. But the behavior of the whole congregation convinced me that I had judged wrong. They filled the House at five in the morning, and seemed determined to “stir up the gift of God which was in them.” Saturday, 21. I returned to London.

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I saw Dr. Dodd for the last time. He was in exactly such a temper as I wished. He never at any time expressed the least murmuring or resentment at any one; but entirely and calmly gave himself up to the will of God. Such a prisoner I scarce ever saw before, much less such a condemned malefactor. I should think, none could converse with him without acknowledging that God is with him.

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I read the truly wonderful performance of Mr. Rowland Hill. I stood amazed! Compared to him, Mr. Toplady himself is a very civil, fair-spoken gentleman! Friday, 27. I wrote an answer to it: “Not rendering railing for railing;” (I have not so learned Christ;) but “speaking the truth in love.”

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I have now completed my seventy-fourth year; and by the peculiar favor of God, I find my health and strength, and all my faculties of body and mind, just the same as they were at four-and-twenty.

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I set out for Northamptonshire, and preached in the evening at Stony Stratford. Mr. Canham had prepared a large and commodious place; but it would not contain the congregation. However, all without, as well as within, except one fine lady, were serious and attentive.

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I preached in the evening at Marton, near Buckingham; the thunder, attended with heavy rain, was likely to rob us of our whole congregation. We cried to God. The thunder and rain ceased, and we had a fair sunshiny evening. A large number of people flocked together, some of whom came twelve or fourteen miles: And they did not lose their labor; for God accompanied his word with the demonstration of his Spirit.

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The House was more than filled at five, and chiefly with genteel young women; of whom (I learned) there is a large number in this village, remarkable both for sense and seriousness. After dinner we went on to Oxford, where also we had a very serious congregation. So all the seed sown here has not fallen either on stony or thorny ground. In the afternoon I went to Witney; and, the evening being fair and mild, preached on Wood-Green, to a far larger congregation than the House could have contained. I spent the rest of the evening profitably and agreeably, with a few of the excellent ones of the earth. I was ready to say, “It is good for me to be here.” No! Go thou and preach the Gospel.

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I was much comforted at Stroud among an earnest, serious, loving people. Friday, 4. I preached in dull Gloucester at ten, and at six in the new House at Tewkesbury. Saturday, 5. I sent my chaise straight to Worcester, and myself took horse for Bengeworth: The church was tolerably filled. Afterwards I went down with Mr. Beale to his house; the same in which Mr. Benjamin Seward lived three or four and forty years ago. In the evening I preached in the little chapel at Broadmarston.

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I preached in Pebworth church morning and afternoon, and at Bengeworth in the evening. The church, large as it is, was well filled; and many, for the present, were much affected. I preached there once more at eight in the morning, and then rode on to Worcester. On Tuesday evening the Rector of the parish was at the preaching; a candid, sensible man. He seemed much surprised, having never dreamed before that there was such a thing as common sense among the Methodists! The society here, by patient continuance in well-doing, has quite overcome evil with good; even the beasts of the people are now tame, and open not their mouths against them. They profited much when the waves and storms went over them: May they profit as much by the calm!

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I went through a delightful vale to Malvern-Wells, lying on the side of a high mountain, and commanding one of the finest prospects in the world; the whole vale of Evesham. Hitherto the roads were remarkably good; but they grew worse and worse till we came to Monmouth. Much disturbance was expected here; but we had none: All were deeply attentive.

About six in the evening, on Thursday, 10, I preached on the bulwarks at Brecon. Friday, 11. I called upon Mr. Gwynne, just recovering from a dangerous illness. But he is not recovered from the seriousness which it occasioned. May this be a lasting blessing!

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We dined at Llandeilo; after dinner we walked in Mr. Rees’s park, one of the pleasantest I ever saw; it is so finely watered by the winding river, running through and round the gently rising hills. Near one side of it, on the top of a high eminence, is the old Castle; a venerable pile, at least as old as William the Conqueror, and “majestic though in ruins.” In the evening I preached to a large congregation in the market-place at Carmarthen. I was afterwards informed, the Mayor had sent two Constables to forbid my preaching there. But if he did, their hearts failed them, for they said not one word.

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We had a plain, useful sermon from the Vicar, though some said, “He did not preach the Gospel.” He preached what these men have great need to hear, lest they seek death in the error of their life. In the evening I explained to a huge congregation, who it is that builds his house upon a rock. I believe many had ears to hear, even of the young and gay; to whom I made a particular application.

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I reached Llyngwair about noon. In the evening Mr. Pugh read Prayers, and I preached, at Newport. This is the only town in Wales which I had then observed to increase.

In riding along on the side of Newport-Bay, I observed on the ground a large quantity of turfs. These are found by removing the sand above the high-water mark, under which there is a continued bed of turf, with the roots of trees, leaves, nuts, and various kinds of vegetables. So that it is plain the sea is an intruder here, and now covers what was once dry land. Such probably was the whole Bay a few centuries ago. Nay, it is not at all improbable, that formerly it was dry land from Aberystwith to St. David’s Point.

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Mr. Bowen carried me in his chaise to Cardigan. This is the second town I have seen in Wales, which is continually increasing both in buildings and in number of inhabitants. I preached at noon; five or six Clergymen being present, with a numerous congregation; and a more attentive one I have not seen: Many likewise appeared deeply affected. If our Preachers constantly attended here, I cannot think their labor would be in vain.

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About nine I preached again in Newport church, and found much liberty among that poor, simple people. We dined with Admiral Vaughan, at Tracoon; one of the most delightful spots that can be imagined. Thence we rode to Haverfordwest; but the heat and dust were as much as I could bear: I was faint for a while: But it was all gone as soon as I came into the congregation; and after preaching, and meeting the society, I was as fresh as at six in the morning..

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I preached at Roach, and took a view of the old Castle, built on a steep rock. A gentleman wisely asked Mr. S——, “Pray is this natural or artificial?” He gravely replied, “Artificial, to be sure; I imported it from the north of Ireland.”

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The more I converse with the society at Haverford, the more I am united to them. Saturday, 19. About eleven I preached at Howton, two miles short of the Ferry. There was an uncommon blessing among the simple-hearted people. At Pembroke, in the evening, we had the most elegant congregation I have seen since we came into Wales. Some of them came in dancing, and laughing, as into a theater; but their mood was quickly changed, and in a few minutes they were as serious as my subject, — Death. I believe, if they do not take great care, they will remember it — for a week!

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The congregation at St. Daniel’s was more than the church could contain. After reading Prayers, I preached an hour, (an uncommon thing with me,) on, “Not every one that saith unto me, Lord! Lord!” Many were cut to the heart; and at the Lord’s Supper, many were wounded and many healed. Surely now, at least, if they do not harden their hearts, all these will know the day of their visitation.

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Having been much pressed to preach at Jatterson, a colliery, six or seven miles from Pembroke, I began soon after seven. The House was presently filled, and all the space about the doors and windows; and the poor people drank in every word. I had finished my sermon, when a gentleman, violently pressing in, bade the people get home and mind their business. As he used some bad words, my driver spake to him. He fiercely said, “Do you think I need to be taught by a chaise-boy?” The lad replying, “Really, Sir, I do think so,” the conversation ended. In the evening I preached in the market-place at Carmarthen, to such another congregation as I had there before; and my heart was so enlarged towards them, that I continued preaching a full hour. Tuesday, 22. I preached at Llanelly about one, and at Swansea in the evening.

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I preached in Swansea at five; in Neath, between eight and nine; and about one, at Margam. In the road between this and Bridge-End, we had the heaviest rain I ever remember to have seen in Europe: And it saved John Prickard’s life; for presently man and beast were covered with a sheet of lightning; but as he was thoroughly wet, it did him no harm. In the evening I preached in Oldcastle church, near Bridge-End.

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I preached to a large and serious congregation, in the Town-Hall at Cowbridge. Friday, 25. About eleven I read Prayers, and preached in Lantwyt church, to a very numerous congregation. I have not seen either so large or so handsome a church since I left England. It was sixty yards long; but one end of it is now in ruins. I suppose it has been abundantly the most beautiful, as well as the most spacious, church in Wales.

In the evening I preached at Mrs. Jones’s house in Fontegary. For the present, even the genteel hearers seemed affected; and God is able to continue the impression.

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I breakfasted at Fonmon Castle, and found a melancholy pleasure in the remembrance of past times. About noon I preached at Penmark, and in the evening in that memorable old Castle at Cardiff.

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I preached in the Town-Hall; and again in the afternoon, to a crowded audience, after preaching in a little church at Caerphilly. In the evening I preached in Mr. M——’s hall at Llandaff; and God applied his word (I think) to every heart. Monday, 28. I preached at Newport, and in the evening reached Bristol.

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I spent an hour or two with Mr. Fletcher, restored to life in answer to many prayers. How many providential ends have been answered by his illness! And perhaps still greater will be answered by his recovery.

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I desired as many as could to join together in fasting and prayer that God would restore the spirit of love and of a sound mind, to the poor deluded rebels in America. In the evening we had a watch-night at Kingswood; and I was agreeably surprised to observe that hardly any one went away till the whole service was concluded.

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Our yearly Conference began. I now particularly inquired (as that report had been spread far and wide) of every Assistant, “Have you reason to believe, from your own observation, that the Methodists are a fallen people? Is there a decay or an increase in the work of God where you have been? Are the societies in general more dead, or more alive to God, than they were some years ago?” The almost universal answer was, “If we must ‘know them by their fruits,’ there is no decay in the work of God, among the people in general. The societies are not dead to God: They are as much alive as they have been for many years. And we look on this report as a mere device of Satan, to make our hands hang down.” “But how can this question be decided?” You, and you, can judge no farther than you see. You cannot judge of one part by another; of the people of London, suppose, by those of Bristol. And none but myself has an opportunity of seeing them throughout the three kingdoms. But to come to a short issue. In most places, the Methodists are still a poor, despised people, laboring under reproach, and many inconveniences; therefore, wherever the power of God is not, they decrease. By this, then, you may form a sure judgment. Do the Methodists in general decrease in number? Then they decrease in grace; they are a fallen, or, at least, a falling people. But they do not decrease in number; the continually increase: Therefore they are not a fallen people.

The Conference concluded on Friday, as it began, in much love. But there was one jarring string: John Hilton told us, he must withdraw from our Connection, because he saw the Methodists were a fallen people. Some would have reasoned with him, but it was lost labor; so we let him go in peace.

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I returned to London. Thursday, 14. I drew up proposals for the “Arminian Magazine.” Friday, 15. The Committee for the building met, which is now ready for the roof. Hitherto God has helped us!

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In the calm, fair evening, I took the opportunity to preach in Moorfields. The congregation was at least as large as I ever saw there. As yet I do not see any sign of the decay of the work of God in England.

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I went down to Bristol again, and read in the way Dr. M’Bride’s “Practice of Physic.” Undoubtedly it is an ingenious book; yet it did not answer my expectation. Several things I could contradict from my own experience; e.g., he says, “All fevers are attended with thirst and vigilia.” Nay, in two violent fevers I had no thirst at all, and slept rather more than when I was in health.

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I went forward to Taunton, with Dr. Coke, who, being dismissed from his Curacy, has bid adieu to his honorable name and determined to cast in his lot with us. In the evening I endeavored to guard all who love or fear God against that miserable bigotry which many of our mistaken brethren are advancing with all their might.

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I preached at Tiverton; Thursday, 21, at Launceston; Friday, 22, about ten, in Bodmin. Thence I went on to Cubert; and found that venerable old man, Mr. Hoskins, calmly waiting for his discharge from the body. Saturday, 23. At noon, I preached in Redruth; and in the evening, on the Cliff of St. Ives. In the following week I visited most of the western societies; and on Saturday, 30, had the Quarterly Meeting. I now inquired particularly, whether the societies were increasing or decreasing. I could not hear of a decrease in any; but several were swiftly increasing; particularly those of St. Just, Penzance, and Helstone.

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I preached in the morning at St. Agnes; in the evening to the huge congregation at Gwennap; larger (it was supposed) by fifteen hundred or two thousand, than ever it had been before.

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Having abundance of letters from Dublin, informing me that the society there was in the utmost confusion, by reason of some of the chief members, whom the Preachers had thought it needful to exclude from the society; and finding all I could write was not sufficient to stop the growing evil; I saw but one way remaining, to go myself, and that as soon as possible. So the next day I took chaise with Mr. Goodwin, and made straight for Mr. Bowen’s, at Llyngwair, in Pembrokeshire; hoping to borrow his sloop, and so cross over to Dublin without delay. I came to Llyngwair on Tuesday, 30. The next day, OCTOBER 1, the Captain of a sloop at Fishgard, a small sea-port town, ten or twelve miles from Llyngwair, sent me word he would sail for Dublin in the evening; but he did not stir till about eight the next evening. We had a small, fair wind. From Fishgard to Dublin is about forty leagues. We had run ten or twelve, till, at about eight in the morning, Friday, 3 it fell dead calm. The swell was then such as I never felt before, except in the Bay of Biscay. Our little sloop, between twenty and thirty tons, rolled to and fro with a wonderful motion. About nine, the Captain, finding he could not get forward, would have returned, but he could make no way. About eleven I desired we might go to prayer. Quickly after the wind sprung up fair; but it increased, till, about eight at night, it blew a storm, and it was pitch dark: so that, having only the Captain and a boy on board, we had much ado to work the vessel. However, about ten, though we scarce know how, we got safe into Dublin Bay.

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Between seven and eight I landed at Ring’s End. Mr. M’Kenny met me, and carried me to his house. Our friends presently flocked from all quarters, and seemed equally surprised and pleased at seeing me. I moved no dispute, but desired a few of each side to meet me together at ten on Monday morning. In the evening, although on so short a warning, we had an exceeding large congregation; on whom (waiving all matter of contention) I strongly enforced those solemn words, “I must work the works of Him that sent me, while it is day; the night cometh, when no man can work.”

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I was much comforted at St. Patrick’s, where an uncommon awe seemed to rest on the whole assembly. In the evening I preached on Ephesians 4:30, etc., being the conclusion of the Epistle for the day. Nothing could be more seasonable, and I read it as a presage of good.

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At ten I met the contending parties; the Preachers on one hand, and the excluded members on the other: I heard them at large, and they pleaded their several causes with earnestness and calmness too. But four hours were too short to hear the whole cause; so we adjourned to the next day: Meantime, in order to judge in what state the society really was, I examined them myself; meeting part of them today, and the rest on Tuesday and Wednesday. Four-and-thirty persons, I found, had been put out of, or left, the society: But, notwithstanding, as there were last quarter four hundred and fifty-eight members, so there are just four hundred and fifty-eight still. At the desire of the members lately excluded, I now drew up the short state of the case; but I could in nowise pacify them: They were all civil, nay, it seemed, affectionate to me; but they could never forgive the Preachers that had expelled them: So that I could not desire them to return into the society; they could only remain friends at a distance.

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I was desired by some of our friends to clear up the point of Imputed Righteousness: I did so, by preaching on, “Abraham believed God, and it was imputed unto him for righteousness.” In opening these words, I showed what that faith was, which was imputed to him for righteousness, viz., faith in God’s promise to give him the land of Canaan; faith in the promise that Sarah should conceive a son; and the faith whereby he offered up Isaac on the altar. But Christ is not in any of these instances the direct or immediate object of Abraham’s faith; whereas he is the direct, immediate object of that faith which is imputed to us for righteousness.

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I visited many, sick and well, and endeavored to confirm them in their love towards each other. I was more and more convinced that God had sent me at this time to heal the breach of his people.

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We had a lovely congregation in the morning, to whom I closely applied St. Peter’s words: “I exhort you, as strangers and pilgrims, abstain from fleshly desires which war against the soul.” To the mixed multitude in the evening, I applied our Lord’s words: “All things are ready; come unto the marriage.” I then took a solemn and affectionate leave of the society, and cheerfully commended them to the Great Shepherd; more in number, and, I am persuaded, more established in grace, than they had been for twenty years.

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In the morning we went on board; but the wind being right a-head, and blowing hard, we made but little way, till night; and the sea was so rough, that I could not sleep till midnight. Tuesday, 14. After beating up and down several hours more, the Captain thought best to run under the Carnarvonshire shore. About noon we put out to sea again, but the storm increased, and about four carried away our bowsprit, and tore one of the sails to tatters. But the damage was soon repaired; and before six, by the good providence of God, we landed at Holyhead. Wanting to be in London as soon as possible, I took chaise at seven, and hastened to Bangor Ferry. But here we were at a full stop: They could not, or would not, carry us over till one the next day; and they then gave us only two miserable horses, although I had paid beforehand (fool as I was) for four. At Conway Ferry we were stopped again: So that with all the speed we could possibly make, even with a chaise and four, we traveled eight-and-twenty miles yesterday, and seventeen today. Thursday, in the afternoon, we reached Chester; Friday morning, Lichfield; and on Saturday morning, London.

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I went on to High-Wycomb; but good Mr. James having procured a drummer to beat his drum at the window of the preaching-house, I only prayed and sung by turns, from six to seven; and many of the people were much comforted. In the rest of the week I visited the societies at Oxford, Witney, Finstock, and Wallingford; and had reason to believe that many received the seed in honest and good hearts.

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I preached at Stony-Stratford. The congregation was large and attentive: So it always is; yet I fear they receive little good, for they need no repentance. Tuesday, I preached at Towcester; on Wednesday, at Whittlebury; and on Thursday, at Northampton; and some of even that heavy congregation seemed to feel, “The night cometh, when no man can work.”

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I began visiting the classes in London, in which I was fully employed for seven or eight days; afterwards I visited those in the neighboring towns, and found reason to rejoice over them.

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I was desired to preach a charity sermon in St. Margaret’s church, Rood-Lane. In the morning I desired my friends not to come; in the afternoon it was crowded sufficiently, and I believe many of them felt the word of God sharper than any two-edged sword.

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I went to Norwich, and preached there in the evening. The House was far too small, the congregation being lately increased very considerably. But I place no dependence in this people; they wave to and fro, like the waves of the sea.

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I went over to Loddon, and preached at one to a much more settled congregation. In the evening I preached at Norwich, and afterwards administered the Lord’s Supper to the society; and I was almost persuaded, that they will no longer be tossed to and fro with every wind of doctrine.

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Abundance of people were present at five, and we had a solemn parting. I went to Lynn the same day; and Saturday, 22, taking chaise soon after twelve, reached London in the afternoon.

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I preached in Lewisham church for the benefit of the Humane Society, instituted for the sake of those who seem to be drowned, strangled, or killed by any sudden stroke. It is a glorious design; in consequence of which many have been recovered, that must otherwise have inevitably perished.

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I spent the afternoon at Mr. Blackwell’s with the B—— of——. His whole behavior was worthy of a Christian Bishop; easy, affable, courteous; and yet all his conversation spoke the dignity which was suitable to his character.

Having been many times desired, for near forty years, to publish a Magazine, I at length complied; and now began to collect materials for it. If it once begin, I incline to think it will not end but with my life.

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I spent some hours, both morning and afternoon, in visiting the sick at the west end of the town; but I could not see them all.

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I visited as many as I could on the northeast part of the town. I spent the evening at Newington, with Mr. Fletcher, almost miraculously recovering from his consumption; and on Thursday, 4, he set out with Mr. Ireland for the south of France.

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I visited the chief societies in Bedfordshire and Huntingdonshire, and returned by Hertford; where (for once) I saw a quiet and serious congregation. We had a larger congregation at Barnet, in the evening, than ever; and a greater number of communicants. Will this poor, barren wilderness at length blossom and bud as the rose?

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Being strongly urged to lay the first stone of the House which was going to be built at Bath, on Sunday, 14, after preaching at West-street chapel in the morning, and at St. Paul’s, Shadwell, in the afternoon, I went to Brentford. I preached at six; and, taking chaise at twelve, on Monday, 15, easily reached Bath in the afternoon. Tuesday, 16. I paid a short visit to Bristol; preached in the evening and morning following, Wednesday, 17; and at one laid the foundation of the new chapel at Bath. The wind was piercing cold; yet scarce any of the congregation went away before the end of the sermon. After preaching at the Room in the evening, I took chaise, and the next afternoon reached London.

Just at this time there was a combination among many of the post-chaise drivers on the Bath road, especially those that drove in the night, to deliver their passengers into each other’s hands. One driver stopped at the spot they had appointed, where another waited to attack the chaise. In consequence of this, many were robbed; but I had a good Protector still. I have traveled all roads, by day and by night, for these forty years, and never was interrupted yet.

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I buried the remains of Mr. Bespham, many years Master of a man-of-war. From the time he received the truth in love, he was a pattern to all that believe. His faith was full of mercy and good fruits: His works shall praise him in the gates.

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A few days since, my Assistant, Mr. Baynes, by far the strongest person in our family, was taken ill of a fever. He was immediately attended both by an Apothecary and a Physician; but their labor was in vain: This morning God called him into the world of spirits. I had no desire to part with him; but God knew what was best both for him and me.

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We concluded the old year, and began the new, with prayer and thanksgiving. Four or five of the Local Preachers assisted me. I was agreeably surprised; their manner of praying being so artless and unlabored, and yet rational and scriptural, both as to sense and expression.

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